{"id":551,"date":"2019-01-05T20:30:27","date_gmt":"2019-01-05T20:30:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/?p=551"},"modified":"2022-10-01T12:30:38","modified_gmt":"2022-10-01T12:30:38","slug":"medical-laboratory-sciences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/?p=551","title":{"rendered":"Program of medical laboratory sciences."},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><a name=\"_Toc112611809\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700931\"><\/a>Introduction:<\/h2>\n<p>Program of medical laboratory sciences is intended to graduate qualified medical laboratory professionals. It has the advantage that, students will graduate with honor degree (175 credit hours) and specialize in on one of the five major medical laboratory sciences in four academic years, which enable the graduates to directly admitted into post-graduate studies without passing through a qualifying year.<\/p>\n<p>The program consists of Eight semester, semester one and two are preparatory semesters, in which the student studies the basic sciences that are pre-requisite for the medical laboratory sciences; semester three and four are the core semesters, in which the student intensively studies all the major five medical laboratory sciences, i.e. Haematology, Medical Parasitology, Medical microbiology, Clinical chemistry, and Histopathology and cytology; in semester seven and eight the student will specialize in one of the five medical laboratory sciences.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609419\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610216\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610777\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610883\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611442\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611810\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700932\"><\/a>Vision:<\/h2>\n<p>The vision of medical laboratory program is to be an internationally recognized center of excellence in medical laboratory science education and medical research.<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609420\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610217\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610778\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610884\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611443\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611811\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700933\"><\/a>Mission:<\/h2>\n<p>The mission of medical laboratory science program is to graduate highly qualified medical laboratory professionals, equipped with academic knowledge and technical skills, have the ability to think creatively, and keep abreast of recent developments to contribute effectively in community service and health problem solving.<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609421\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610218\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610779\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610885\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611444\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611812\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700934\"><\/a>Intended learning outcomes:<\/h2>\n<p>Graduates of medical laboratory sciences program will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Demonstrate adequate knowledge and skills in the field of medical laboratory sciences and apply classic and advanced laboratory techniques for diagnosis of human diseases<\/li>\n<li>Conduct research activities based on health problems and felt needs of society.<\/li>\n<li>Communicate effectively with other health professionals, and the community, and project a coherence vision of social responsibilities.<\/li>\n<li>Engage in continuous self-improvement, and professional growth, and display positive leadership and professional behaviors.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609422\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610219\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610780\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610886\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611445\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611813\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700935\"><\/a>Program Evaluation:<\/h2>\n<p>With graduation with each batch the program will be evaluated by external evaluator.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc112609423\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610220\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610781\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610887\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611446\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611814\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700936\"><\/a>SEMESTER ONE<\/h1>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609424\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610221\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610782\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610888\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611447\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611815\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700937\"><\/a>Course title: Anatomy<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>ANT111<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course designed for medical laboratory students to identify the functional organization of the human body at the gross and the anatomical and medical terminology<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc112609425\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610222\"><\/a><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc112609426\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610223\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610783\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610889\"><\/a>By the end of this course, student will be able to<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Define anatomical and medical terminology and basic information about the structural anatomy of the human body.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the structural and functional organization of the human body at the gross (macroscopic) level.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and Assignments<\/li>\n<li>Seminars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Continual evaluation: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"628\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Introduction to the human body.<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Anatomy of the Musculoskeletal system<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Cardiovascular System (Heart)<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Cardiovascular System (Blood vessels)<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Lymphatic System<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Respiratory system<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Digestive System (GIT)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Digestive System (Liver, Spleen, &amp; Pancreas)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Urinary System<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Male genital System<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Female genital System<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Nervous System (Brain)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Nervous System (Spinal cord + PNS)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">OSPE (Test)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"615\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Orientation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Anatomy of the Musculoskeletal system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Cardiovascular System: Heart<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Cardiovascular System: Blood vessels<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Lymphatic System<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Respiratory system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Digestive System: GIT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Digestive System: Liver, Spleen, and Pancreas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Urinary System<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Male genital System<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Female genital System<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Nervous System: Brain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Nervous System: Spinal cord and PNS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">OSPE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Abrahams P.H. Hutchings R.T., Marks Jr S.C. (1998). McMinn\u2019s color atlas of human anatomy. 4<sup>th<\/sup> London: Mosby<\/li>\n<li>April E.W. (1997). Clinical anatomy. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.<\/li>\n<li>Donnersberger A.B., Scott A.L. (2005). A laboratory textbook of anatomy and physiology. 8<sup>th<\/sup> London: Jones and Bartlett publishers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609427\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610224\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610784\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610890\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611448\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611816\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700938\"><\/a>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 -1<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c:<\/strong> \u0639\u0631\u0628 112<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/strong>: \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c:<\/strong> 15 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><u>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<p>1- \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628<\/p>\n<p>2- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n<p>3- \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n<p>4- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>5- \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 (\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a: 80%<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/strong>: \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629: \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/strong>: \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0645: \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a: \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646:<\/strong> \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639<\/strong>: \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631<\/strong>: \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/strong>: \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/strong>: \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u062a: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f. (2016). \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0629. (2004). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a. (2001). \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609428\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610225\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610785\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610891\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611449\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611817\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700939\"><\/a>Course title: General chemistry<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>CEM113<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>2(2+0)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>Chemistry is a rejuvenated science that is widely applied in our life therefore it should go beyond the traditional concepts of high school lessons, to apply this idea certain topics that will assist students in understanding advance courses in senior class should be included.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc248476305\"><\/a><strong>Course objectives and learning outcomes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc112609429\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610226\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610786\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610892\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611450\"><\/a>By the end of this course, medical laboratory students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a name=\"_Toc248476306\"><\/a> Know the major principles and properties of organic, physical, and analytical chemistry.<\/li>\n<li><a name=\"_Toc248476307\"><\/a> Understand the basic technology of organic, physical, and analytical chemistry.<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrate laboratory skills associated with measurement, equipment selection, precision, accuracy, chemical techniques, safety, and chemical handling.<\/li>\n<li>Perform laboratory experiments which illustrate chemical concepts, properties, theories, laws, and behavior of compounds.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Activities (Tutorials, assignments and seminars)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 80%<\/li>\n<li>Continual evaluation or activities (Seminars, Group discussion and Assignments):20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"105%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Importance of sciences (Chemistry)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Properties of matter and chemistry of element<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Terminology of the elements and their symbols (Naming formula and structural formula of common chemical compound)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Calculations in chemistry (amount of the elements and compounds during the chemical reaction)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Types of chemical reaction and chemical equation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Acids &amp; bases (Definition and properties)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Acid- base interaction<\/p>\n<p>pH, pOH and buffer solution<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Solutions and its concentration.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Solutions types and solubility rules.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Ionic and covalent bonding and bond polarity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Separation technique in chemistry<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Properties &amp; types.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Fundamental chemistry of carbon compounds, structures, and properties<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Reaction mechanisms and synthesis<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"13%\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"2%\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"83%\">Functional Groups &amp; properties &amp; reactions<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Budge J. (2009). Chemistry. International student edition. New York: McGraw Hill<\/li>\n<li>Ebbing D.D., Gammon S.D. (2009). General chemistry.9<sup>th<\/sup> Boston: Houghton Mifflin company.<\/li>\n<li>Kenkel J. (2011). Basic chemistry concepts and exercises. 1<sup>st<\/sup> Boca Raton: Tylor &amp; Francis group.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609430\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610227\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610787\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610893\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611451\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611818\"><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc114700940\"><\/a>Course title: Biochemistry-1<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>BCM114<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course designed to know the chemical constituents of cells and chemical composition of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and amino acids, enzymes, hormones, vitamins and nucleic acids<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives and learning outcomes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc112609431\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610228\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610788\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610894\"><\/a>By the end of this course, medical laboratory science students should:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identify the chemical constituents of cells together with their chemical reactions, pathways and functions.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the chemical composition of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and amino acids, enzymes, hormones, vitamins and nucleic acids.<\/li>\n<li>Emphasize basic structure, of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and amino acids, enzymes and nucleic acids.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and Assignments<\/li>\n<li>Seminars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Continual evaluation or activities (Seminars, Group discussion and Assignments):20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"84\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"523\">Cell macro-molecules and micro-molecules<\/p>\n<p>Nutrition and classification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"96\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Structure of Carbohydrates<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Classification (Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides)<\/p>\n<p>Chemical properties<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Glycoproteins<\/p>\n<p>Glycosaminoglycans<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Lipids concepts and types<\/p>\n<p>Biological functions, and chemical reaction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Fatty acids and triglycerol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Lipoprotein (LDL, HDL)<\/p>\n<p>Cholesterol and steroids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Amino acids (concepts, types, nomenclature)<\/p>\n<p>Peptides and amide bond and examples<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Structure of proteins and function (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure)<\/p>\n<p>Motifs and Domains (alpha helix and \u03b2- sheet)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Globular and fibrous proteins (myoglobulin and albumin, Hemoglobin)<\/p>\n<p>Iron metabolism.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Structure, Classification and Biological functions of Enzymes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Factors affecting enzymes<\/p>\n<p>Coenzymes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Structure, Classification and Biological functions of Hormones<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Classification, Sources and Biochemical function of Vitamins<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"90\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"517\">Structure classification and biological functions of Nucleic acids<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"84\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"6\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"6\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"511\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table width=\"606\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"606\"><strong><u>Practical<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Orientation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Water, PH and Buffer -1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Water, PH and Buffer -2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Carbohydrate chemistry: Molish test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Carbohydrate chemistry: Iodine test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Carbohydrate chemistry: Barfoed test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Carbohydrate chemistry: Benedict test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Carbohydrate chemistry: Bial&#8217;s test and Seliwanoff&#8217;s test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Lipid chemistry: Sudan III test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Lipid chemistry: Test of saturation (Iodine)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Lipid chemistry: molybdate test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Lipid chemistry: Liebermann test for cholesterol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Amino Acids: Ninhydrine test and nitroprusside test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Amino Acids: Xanthoproteic test and Chromatography<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Protein chemistry: Biuret test \u2013 Denaturation (Strong acid and Heavy Metals)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Champe P.C., Harvey R.A., Ferrier D.R. (2005). Biochemistry. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> USA: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.<\/li>\n<li>Campbell P.N., Smith A.D., Peters T.J. (2005) Biochemistry illustrated. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Elliot W.H, Elliot D.C. (2006). Biochemistry and molecular biology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New York: Oxford University press.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609432\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610229\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610789\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610895\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611452\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611819\"><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc114700941\"><\/a>Course title: Computer Sciences<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>COM115<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course provides the basic knowledge make the students capable to develop computer and information literacy skills and use the computer in different educational and professional activities.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Recognize the core concepts of information literacy and essential techniques for locating, analyzing, organizing and presenting information.<\/li>\n<li>Use the mouse, disk and file management and overall desktop techniques.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the wide-range use of computers today in information processing.<\/li>\n<li>Use common office application software along with communications software.<\/li>\n<li>Have the ability in using one specific operating system and should be aware of the existence of other operating systems, networks and their characteristics.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the basic concepts of spreadsheets and to demonstrate the ability to use a spreadsheet application on a personal computer.<\/li>\n<li>Accomplish basic operations associated with developing, formatting and using a spreadsheet.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"660\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch01.html\">General Concepts<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch01.html#d0e146\">Hardware, Software, Information Technology<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch01.html#d0e199\">Types of Computers<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch01.html#d0e363\">Main Parts of a Personal Computer<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch02.html\">Hardware<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch02.html#d0e513\">Central Processing Unit<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch02.html\">Hardware<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch02s03.html\">Input Devices<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch02s04.html\">Output Devices<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\">Storage:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch02s02.html\">Memory<\/a> Storage Devices<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types of Memory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\">Storage:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch02s02.html#d0e641\">Measuring<\/a> Memory<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Computer Performance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\">Software:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch03.html#d0e1499\">Types of Software<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch03s02.html\">Operating System Software<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch03.html\">Software<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch03s03.html\">Applications Software<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch03s05.html\">Systems Development<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch04.html\">Information Networks<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch04.html#d0e2159\">LAN<\/a>\u00a0 and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch04.html#d0e2170\">WAN<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch04s06.html\">The Telephone Network in Computing<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch04.html\">Information Networks<\/a>&amp; electronic Mail<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch04.html\">Information Networks<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch04s03.html#d0e2279\">Internet<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\">Computers in Everyday Life:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Computers in the home<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Computers at Work or in Education<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Computers in Daily Life<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\">IT and Society:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A changing world<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A good workplace<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Health and Safety<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch07.html\">Security<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch08.html\">Copyright and the Law<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch07.html\">Security<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch07s05.html\">Computer Viruses<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch07.html\">Security<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.openicdl.org.za\/courses\/mod1\/ch08.html\">Copyright and the Law<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Copyright<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Data Protection Act<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"559\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"638\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"638\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">First steps with computer<\/p>\n<p>Start and shut down the computer properly.<\/p>\n<p>Basic Information and Operations<\/p>\n<p>View the computer\u2019s basic system information<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Desktop Environment<\/p>\n<p>Work with icons<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Desktop Environment<\/p>\n<p>Work with Windows<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Organizing Files<\/p>\n<p>Directories\/Folders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Organizing Files<\/p>\n<p>Duplicate, Move, Delete, &amp; Restore<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Organizing Files<\/p>\n<p>Searching<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Simple Editing<\/p>\n<p>Use a text editing application<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\"><em>Tutorial <\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Print Management<\/p>\n<p>Setup &amp; Print Outputs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">First steps with spreadsheets<\/p>\n<p>Open a spreadsheet application<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Basic Operations<\/p>\n<p><em>Insert &amp;Select Data<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\"><strong>Formulas and Functions<\/strong><strong><u>: <\/u><\/strong>Format Cells \u2013 Cell Ranges<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\"><strong>Formulas and Functions:\u00a0 <\/strong><em>Spelling &amp;<\/em> <em>document Setup<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\"><strong>More Advanced Features: <\/strong><em>Importing Objects<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\"><em>Tutorial <\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Brands G. (2013). Introduction to computer science: a textbook for beginners in informatics. 1<sup>st<\/sup> CreateSpace independent publishing platform.<\/li>\n<li>Hare K. (2017). Computer science principles: The fundamental concepts of computer science. 1<sup>st<\/sup> Independently published.<\/li>\n<li>Patterson D., Hennessy J. (2013). Computer organization and design: the hardware\/software interface. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Morgan Kaufmann.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609433\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610230\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610790\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610896\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611453\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611820\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700942\"><\/a>Course title: English language<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>ENGL103<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration: <\/strong>15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>6(6+0)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rationale<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course is intended for students of medical laboratory sciences<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives and learning outcomes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc112609434\"><\/a>By the end of this course, students will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Write and speak English fluently.<\/li>\n<li><a name=\"_Toc112609435\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610231\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610791\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610897\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611454\"><\/a> Identify the bases of English language grammar.<\/li>\n<li>Define nouns, verbs, and adjectives and recognize combination between these items and syntax used in scientific writings.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the infinitive, passive, and omission uses, and their combination with scientific syntax.<\/li>\n<li>Use miscellaneous syntax in scientific writings.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and Assignments<\/li>\n<li>Seminars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 80%<\/li>\n<li>Activities (Seminars, Group discussion and Assignments):20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"638\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Nouns 1<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Compound nouns<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nouns with the same form as verbs<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nouns+ of this king.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nouns+ ending in-ion, y, ance, -ence,-ment<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nouns ending in &#8211; al,- or,-ability,-ability<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Nouns 2:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Present, past participle+ noun<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 That, those to replace nouns<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Of+ (adjective) noun<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 That to replace singular noun<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Whose to replace plural nouns<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Infinitive:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Was seen + infinitive<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Is said + infinitive<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Can be + past participle + infinitive, present participle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Infinitive to replace so that, result that<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Verbs:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Verbs formed with- fy, en-, en<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Verbs meaning show<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Verbs formed from nouns<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Has to replace other verbs<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 On\u00a0 . . . . . . .\u00a0 <u>ing to replace when +<\/u> verb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Past participle<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Before being + past participle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In, un before adjectives\/ past participle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Is said to have + past participle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 When \/ if past participle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Past and present participle:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Which + passive + to be + past participle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Which + passive + to have + past participle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 P resent participle to replace which + verb<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Contraction of which + present<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Description of experiment (passive)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Passive<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Passive with agent<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 passive without agent<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Contraction of which + passive<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Negative passive + infinitive<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Passive + to have + past participle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Passive summery writing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Adjectives<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Adjective ending in &#8211; ar, &#8211; ic<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Adjective + enough + infinitive<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Is said to be + adjective<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Un-, in-, im-, ab- + adjective<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Omission<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Omission to avoid repetition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Omission of preposition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Omitting nous to avoid repetition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Do, does, did to avoid repetition<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Miscellaneous \u2013 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Known as<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 On \/after\u00a0\u00a0 . . . . . . .ing<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 For\u00a0 . . . . . .\u00a0 . . .ing\u00a0 purpose<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Question word + ever<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Miscellaneous \u2013 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 provided with<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Able , unable to\u00a0 = can , cannot<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The case<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In\u00a0 that case<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 BY that meant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Miscellaneous-<\/strong>3<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Being showing result \/ reason<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Owing to the fact that<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 And vice versa<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 And vice versa<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Not\u00a0 . . . . . .\u00a0 .But . . . . . .<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The former \/ The later<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Miscellaneous-4<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Of which to replace whose<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Having to replace which has, have<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The more &#8230;&#8230;..the more &#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 By this is meant<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Although<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Miscellaneous \u2013 <\/strong>5<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Differ \/ worry<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The reason for\u00a0 . . . . . . . . . is that<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Due to the fact that<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 If it were not for<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\"><strong>Miscellaneous-6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Contraction of relative clause<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Phrase or clause to begin a sentence<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Possess to replace have<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Might to express doubt, possibility<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Summary writing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Azar B.S., Hagen S.A. (2016). Understanding and using English grammar. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Pearson education ESL.<\/li>\n<li>Clarck R.P. (2008). Writing tools. 10<sup>th<\/sup> Little, Brown and company.<\/li>\n<li>Garner B.A. (2016). Garner\u2019s modern English usage. 1<sup>st<\/sup> New York: Oxford University press.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609436\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610232\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610792\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610898\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611455\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611821\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700943\"><\/a>Course title: General physics<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>\u00a0PHS117<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>2(2+0)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course covers motion, work and energy, fluid Mechanics, wave motion, optics and thermal physics<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives and learning outcomes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>To solidify the student&#8217;s old knowledge of physics and provide them with the basic concepts of physics.<\/li>\n<li>To improve the student&#8217;s scientific English specially in the area of physics.<\/li>\n<li>To provide the students with the standard conventions and units of measurement used world-wide today.<\/li>\n<li>To teach the physics laws and theories those relate to medical area.<\/li>\n<li>To equip the students with the thinking tools those help them be scientific persons.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and assignments<\/li>\n<li>Seminars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 80%<\/li>\n<li>Continual evaluation or activities (Seminars, Group discussion and Assignments): 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Course contents:<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Basic concepts<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 What is Physics?<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Basic Quantities Vs Derived Quantities<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Units of Measurements (UOM)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">\u00a0Newton\u2019s Laws of motion<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Primary definition of the force.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Newton\u2019s first laws of motion<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Newton\u2019s Second Law<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Newton\u2019s Laws of motion<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Newton\u2019s Third Law<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Examples of Some Forces.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Circular motion: Centripetal force and centrifuge<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The weight: the gravitational force of the earth<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Work and Energy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The work<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kinetic theory of work and energy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Conservation of energy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Potential energy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Other forms of energy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Transformation of energy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Fluid Mechanics<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fluids at rest: Density and specific gravity.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fluids at rest: Pressure and the pressure Gauge<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Fluid Mechanics<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fluids at rest: Pascal\u2019s principle.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fluids in motion: Continuity Equation.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fluids in motion: Bernoulli\u2019s Equation.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical Application: Measuring human blood pressure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">\u00a0Wave Motion<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Characteristic of wave motion<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types of waves<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Wave Motion<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Energy transmitted by waves<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sound waves<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical Application: Ultrasound Waves<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Principles of Optics<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Geometrical optics: Laws of reflection and refraction<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical Application: Endoscopes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Principles of Optics<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Geometrical optics: Mirrors and Thin Lenses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Principles of Optics<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Optical Instruments: Magnifying glass and Microscope<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical Application: The Physics of the human eye<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Thermal physics<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Temperature and the Temperature Sales.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thermometers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">\u00a0Thermal physics<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Heat Quantity.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Changes of state.<\/p>\n<p>Thermal physics<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Heat transfer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Adams S. (2000). Advanced physics. 1<sup>st<\/sup> New York: Oxford University press<\/li>\n<li>Chapman C. Fundamentals of seismic wave propagation. 1<sup>st<\/sup> Cambrige: Cambrige University press.<\/li>\n<li>Gupta M. (2016). Molecular spectroscopy. 1<sup>st<\/sup> New Delhi: Campus books international.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609437\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610233\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610793\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610899\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611456\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611822\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700944\"><\/a>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c : \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629-1<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/strong>: \u0633\u0644\u0645118<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/strong>: \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/strong>: 15 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 :<\/p>\n<p>1- \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647<\/p>\n<p>2- \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/p>\n<p>3- \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 (\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a: 80%<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/strong>: \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0644<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/strong>: \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633<\/strong>: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629: \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/strong>: \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639<\/strong>: \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0642\u0631. (2003). \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0633.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645. (2000). \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0648\u064a. (1996). \u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609438\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610234\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610794\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610900\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611457\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611823\"><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc114700945\"><\/a>Course title: Statistics<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code:<\/strong>\u00a0 STS119<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 2(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester:<\/strong> (1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course is designed for medical laboratory students to understand the bases and uses of statistics, and principles of descriptive statistics, probability, variables, and measurement of dispersion.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, medical laboratory science students should:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Represent, and use numbers in a variety of equivalent forms (integer, fraction, decimal, percent, exponential, and scientific notation) in real world and mathematical problem situations.<\/li>\n<li>Describe and represent relationships with tables, graphs, and rules.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the bases and uses of statistics.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principles of descriptive statistics, probability, variables, and measurement of dispersion.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 80%<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course Content<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Whole Numbers &amp; Integers:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Arithmetic operations of real numbers.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Arithmetic operations with integers.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Fractions, decimals and percent&#8217;s:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Arithmetic operations with fractions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Relationship between fractions and decimals<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Percent as fractions and as decimals and vice versa<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Algebras and Graphs:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Algebraic expressions using the order of operations.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Linear equations in one &amp; two variables.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 x- and y-intercepts for linear equations.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Frequency distributions and Graphs<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Organizing data.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Grouped Frequency Distributions.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Frequency distributions and Graphs<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Histograms, polygons, &amp; other types of graphs.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bar chart, pie chart, the time series graphs.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Measure of central tendency<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The mean, the median &amp; the mode.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Distribution shapes.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Measurement of variation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Range. Variance.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Standard Deviation.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Coefficient of variation.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Correlation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Scatter plots.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Correlation coefficient.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Regression<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Determination of the regression.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Line Equation.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Probability<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sample space. Events.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Probability<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The addition, multiplication &amp; rules.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Discrete probability distributions.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Hypothesis testing<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Z test<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Hypothesis testing<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 P-value.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Hypothesis testing<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 X<sup>2<\/sup> chi square test.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"611\"><strong>Tutorials <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Whole Numbers &amp; Integers<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Fractions, decimals and percent&#8217;s:<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Algebras and Graphs:<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Frequency distributions and Graphs-1<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Frequency distributions and Graphs-2<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Measure of central tendency-1<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Measure of central tendency-2<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Measurement of variation<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Correlation<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Regression<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Probability<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Probability<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Hypothesis testing: Z test<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Hypothesis testing: P-value.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"497\">Hypothesis testing: X<sup>2<\/sup> chi square test.<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Armitage P., Berry G., Matthews J.N.S. (2002). Statistical methods in medical research. 4<sup>th<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell science.<\/li>\n<li>Fisher L.D., Belle G.V. (2004). Biostatistics: a methodology for the health sciences. 1<sup>st<\/sup> New Jercy: science paperback series.<\/li>\n<li>Rastogi V.B. (2015). Biostatistics. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> revised edition. New Delhi: Scientific international Pvt Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc112609439\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610235\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610795\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610901\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611458\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611824\"><\/a><\/h1>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc114700946\"><\/a>SEMESTER TWO<\/h1>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609440\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610236\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610796\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610902\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611459\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611825\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700947\"><\/a>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629-2<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c: \u0639\u0631\u0628 <\/strong>121<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627<em>\u0646\u064a<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/strong>: \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/strong>: 15 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<u>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/u><\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649<em>:<\/em><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 (\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a: 80%<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u062a: \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u062a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628: \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631<\/strong>: \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/strong>: \u0646\u0628\u0648\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0631<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f. (2016). \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0645: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li>\u0631\u0634\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0629. (2004). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a. (2001). \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609441\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610237\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610797\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610903\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611460\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611826\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700948\"><\/a>Course title: Biochemistry-2<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>BCM122<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, medical laboratory student will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Discuss the process of carbohydrates absorption digestion, metabolism, and catabolism<\/li>\n<li>Describe the process of Glucose oxidation, Glycolysis, Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl Co A<\/li>\n<li>Describe TCA cycle<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the process of lipids absorption digestion, metabolism, and catabolism<\/li>\n<li>Discuss catabolism of amino acid and urea cycle and ammonia metabolism<\/li>\n<li>Discuss conversion of amino acids to specialized products<\/li>\n<li>Discuss catabolism of the carbon skeletons of amino acids<\/li>\n<li>Describe catabolism of Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotide<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and Assignments<\/li>\n<li>Seminars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities (Seminars, Group discussion and Assignments):20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Glucose oxidation, Glycolysis, Conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl CoA, and TCA cycle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Gluconeogenesis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Glycogen metabolism and pentose phosphate pathway<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Metabolism of hexose sugars<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Oxidation of fatty acids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Cholesterol metabolism (include lipoprotein and bile acid and salt metabolism)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Fatty acids synthesis (Lipogenesis)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Phospholipids metabolism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Eicosanoids metabolism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Digestion and absorption of protein<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Biosynthesis of the nutritionally nonessential amino acids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Catabolism of \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u062a\u060c amino acid and urea cycle and ammonia metabolism<\/p>\n<p>Conversion of amino acids to specialized products<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Catabolism of the carbon skeletons of amino acids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"477\">Metabolism of Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotide<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table width=\"690\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Orientation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Calculation of buffers and solutions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Pipetting skills<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Detection of vitamins<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Starch hydrolysis by amylase enzyme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Effect of temperature on enzyme activity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Effect of PH on enzyme activity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Effect of substrate concentration and enzyme concentration on enzyme activity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Detection of specific Amino acids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Theory of cellular fractionation and detection of mitochondrial pellet through succinate dehydrogenase enzyme detection using DCIP.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Blood plasma proteins<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Protein characterization methods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Detection of bile acids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Champe P.C., Harvey R.A., Ferrier D.R. (2005). Biochemistry. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> USA: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.<\/li>\n<li>Campbell P.N., Smith A.D., Peters T.J. (2005) Biochemistry illustrated. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Elliot W.H, Elliot D.C. (2006). Biochemistry and molecular biology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New York: Oxford University press.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609442\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610238\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610798\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610904\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611461\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611827\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700949\"><\/a>Course title: English medical terminology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>ENG123<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(3+0)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, medical laboratory students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Develop reading and writing skills and give the structure expected to come across while probing for more information in scientific books.<\/li>\n<li>Increase their vocabulary in order to increase the store of scientific terms that help them to read English language books.<\/li>\n<li>Define the medical terms related to compartments of the body, anatomy, histology, and cell structure, in addition to Know the application of English language, information transfer, and guided writing.<\/li>\n<li>Define the medical terms related the heart, nervous system, and reproduction, as well as, the application of English language, information transfer, and guided writing<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and Assignments<\/li>\n<li>Seminars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 50%<\/li>\n<li>Continual evaluation or activities (Seminars, Group discussion and Assignments):10%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"652\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Compartment of the body-1<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reading and comprehension<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Use of language<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Compartment of the body<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Information transfer<\/li>\n<li>Guided writing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Anatomy of the trunk-1<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reading and comprehension<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Addition and elimination reactions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Anatomy of the trunk-2<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Information transfer<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Guided writing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Epithelial tissue-1<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reading and comprehension<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Use of language<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Epithelial tissue-2<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Information transfer<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Guided writing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Cell structure-1<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reading and comprehension<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Use of language<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Cell structure-2<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Information transfer<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Guided writing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">The heart-1<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reading and comprehension<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Use of language<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">The heart-2<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Information transfer<\/p>\n<p>Guided writing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">The nervous system-1<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reading and comprehension<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Use of language<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">The nervous system-2<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Information transfer<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Guided writing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Reproduction-1<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reading and comprehension<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Use of language<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Reproduction-2<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Information transfer<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Guided writing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Summery &amp; exercises<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Use of language<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Essay writing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Clarck R.P. (2008). Writing tools. 10<sup>th<\/sup> Little, Brown and company.<\/li>\n<li>Garner B.A. (2016). Garner\u2019s modern English usage. 1<sup>st<\/sup> New York: Oxford University press.<\/li>\n<li>Willis M.C. (2008). Medical terminology: a programmed learning approach to the language of health care. 1<sup>st<\/sup> Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609443\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610239\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610799\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610905\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611462\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611828\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700950\"><\/a>\u0627\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629-2<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c: <\/strong>\u0633\u0644\u0645124<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/strong>: \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/strong>: 15 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<u>\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.1<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 (\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a: 80%<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c<\/u><\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong> &#8211; \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b<\/strong>: \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/strong>: \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/strong>: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646<\/strong>: \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639<\/strong>: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/strong>: \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0636<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc112609444\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610240\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610800\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610906\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611463\"><\/a><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631: <\/strong>\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631: <\/strong>\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631:<\/strong> \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0642\u0631. (2003). \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0633.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645. (2000). \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0648\u064a. (1996). \u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609445\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610241\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610801\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610907\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611464\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611829\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700951\"><\/a>Course title: Cell biology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>CBG125<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>2(2+0)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the structure and functions of cells and cell organelles and, cell to cell communication, cell division, cell genetic materials, and protein synthesis, as well as mutation definition, types, and inheritance.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Recognize the great diversity of all cellular form and function.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the molecular mechanisms of cell metabolism, growth, division, and communication.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the important features and functions of the cell nucleus as they relate to gene organization, DNA replication, protein synthesis and regulation of cell division.<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrate the structure and main functions of all of the major organelles in eukaryotic cells.<\/li>\n<li>Define the designation of the cell as the unit of life by studying its functions.<\/li>\n<li>Describe how cellular organelles communicate with each other.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the molecular structure of the major biomolecules that comprise cells.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize DNA as the genetic material, mainly DNA replication, cell division, protein synthesis, mutation and inheritance.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Properties of living things classification: prokaryotes and eukaryotes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cell Structure and Function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells: Animals and Plants<\/p>\n<p>Structure of the plasma membrane<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Cell Structure and Function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Nucleus (chromosomes; nucleoli; nuclear membrane)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cytoplasmic organelles enclosed by a plasma membrane<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Cell Structure and Function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ribosomes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Energy related organelles- (chloroplasts and mitochondria)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Cell Structure and Function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cytoskeleton (microtubules and microfilaments)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Membrane attachment between cells, communication between cells<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Macromolecules<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Proteins structural organization and functions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Macromolecules<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Carbohydrates &amp; Lipids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Thermodynamics &amp; Bioenergetics<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Energy Transformations<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Transferring Energy in Cells: Endergonic and Exergonic Reactions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ATP and ADP (phosphorylation and dephosphorylation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Transport across cell membranes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Vesicle trafficking<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Endocytosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Exocytosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Phagocytosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Transport across cell membranes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Transport of small molecules across membranes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Signaling at the Cell Surface<\/p>\n<p>Signal transduction: Overview<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">The Cell Cycle Regulating the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mitosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">The Cell Cycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Meiosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Molecular Genetics Mechanisms<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 DNA the genetic material.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 DNA Replication, and Transcription<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Molecular Genetics Mechanisms<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 RNA and protein synthesis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Elliot W.H, Elliot D.C. (2006). Biochemistry and molecular biology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New York: Oxford University press.<\/li>\n<li>Hawkins J.D. (2000), Gene structure and expression. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Cambridge: Cambridge university press.<\/li>\n<li>Starr C, Taggart R, Evers C, Starr L (2013). 13<sup>th<\/sup> Cell biology and genetics: the unity and diversity of life. New York: cengage learning<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609446\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610242\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610802\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610908\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611465\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611830\"><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc114700952\"><\/a>Course title: Histology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>HST126<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>4(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course will provide the students with the basic knowledge of the theoretical and applied aspects of cells and tissues that form the organs of human body. This course will also cover the four basic tissues; their function, and gross as well as microscopic appearance of organs of the human body such as: nervous system, circulatory system, lymphatic system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system and reproductive system.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, students will be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Recognize the major differences between different human organs and tissues considering anatomy and histology.<\/li>\n<li>Identify anatomy, histology, and physiology of the cell, basic Tissue types. Musculo-skeletal system, Cardiovascular system. Respiratory System, Skin, Immune system, Digestive system. Urinary System, Male and Female reproductive systems, Nervous system, Endocrine system, Body Cavities and their fluids.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and Assignments<\/li>\n<li>Seminars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Continual evaluation or activities (Seminars, Group discussion and Assignments):20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course Contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">The Cell: Structure and Functions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Basic Tissue- Types-I (Epithelium).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Basic Tissue- Types-II (Connective Tissue, Cartilage, blood and Bone).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Basic Tissue Types-III (Muscle, and Nervous Tissue).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Digestive System-I: oral cavity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Digestive System-II: Gastro intestinal tract<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Digestive System-III: accessory organs (liver, pancreas, salivary glands)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Cardiovascular System.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Respiratory System (trachea and lung)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Urinary system (kidney, and ureters).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Male reproductive system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Female reproductive system, ovary, uterus, and breast.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Lymphatic and integumentary system (spleen, lymph node and skin)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"547\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Introduction (lab sessions instructions, dealing with microscope,)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Epithelium (types and location of simple epithelia)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Epithelium (types and location of stratified epithelia)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Connective Tissue. (Connective tissue proper, cartilage, Blood, Lymphatic vessels and bone)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Nervous tissue<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Cardiac muscle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Skeletal and smooth muscle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Tongue and salivary gland<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Thyroid gland<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Esophagus and stomach<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Small intestine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Large intestine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Liver and pancreas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Gall bladder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Kidney<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Ureters<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Bladder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Male reproductive system- testis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Female reproductive system-ovary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Female reproductive system-uterus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">\u00a0Breast<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Respiratory Tract- trachea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Lung<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Skin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Lymph nodes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"36\">I<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Spleen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"36\">II<\/td>\n<td width=\"511\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kierszenbaum A.L. (2007). Histology and cell biology: an introduction to pathology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Prasad S.R. (2011). Practical histology for medical students. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers&#8217; medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Singh I. (2010). Textbook of human histology. 6<sup>th<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609447\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610243\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610803\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610909\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611466\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611831\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700953\"><\/a>Course title: Laboratory safety<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>SFT127<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>2(2+0)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The course includes an overview of the field of medical laboratory technology. Familiarization with laboratory safety, safe laboratory design and also include basic laboratory specimen collection techniques and safety are introduced.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives and learning outcome:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of course the student will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Demonstrate knowledge of laboratory safety and infection control.<\/li>\n<li>Emphasize on the proper handling of clinical specimens.<\/li>\n<li>List the major type of laboratory hazards.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the proper procedures for handling accidents.<\/li>\n<li>Perform vein punctures and finger sticks in a professional manner.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the common laboratory hazards to include: &#8211;<\/li>\n<li>Chemical, Fire, Biological, Mechanical, Electrical.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the proper storage and handling of dangerous chemicals and reagents used in the lab.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the proper procedure for handling accidents.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the basic procedures followed in infection control.<\/li>\n<li>Define the major types of laboratory hazards, giving example of each type.<\/li>\n<li>Obtain a blood specimen including: Approaching the patient, Equipment to be used, Selecting and preparing the puncture site, Performing the puncture, Listing precautions to be observed., Explain the proper use of vacuum tube.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the common types of anticoagulants, how they work and when they be used.<\/li>\n<li>Perform a vein puncture by vacationer method and a finger puncture under the guidance of the instructor.<\/li>\n<li>Explain methods of sterilization and demonstrate the proper method for handling and disposing of biological hazards.<\/li>\n<li>Describe equipment available in the laboratory used for safety.<\/li>\n<li>Describe basic first aid procedures.<\/li>\n<li>Explain the appropriate local safety procedures.<\/li>\n<li>Explain and practice laboratory specimen collection techniques<\/li>\n<li>Perform basic laboratory specimen collection techniques and safety rules, including Phlebotomy.<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrate protocols used in identification of specimens and the procedures used to maintain accurate patient identity.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss complication encountered in specimen collection<\/li>\n<li>Select an appropriate method of resolving problems of specimen collection, storage in a safety way.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and Assignments<\/li>\n<li>Seminars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 50%<\/li>\n<li>Continual evaluation or activities (Seminars, Group discussion and Assignments):10%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course Content<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"572\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Type of laboratories<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Introduction to laboratory safety (General regulation)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Laboratory hazards Chemical, Fire<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Laboratory hazards Biological, Mechanical, Electrical<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Local safety procedures<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Safe laboratory design<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Safety in hematology lab &amp; Safety in clinical chemistry lab<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Safety in immunohematology and blood bank<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Safety in microbiology lab &amp; Safety in parasitology lab<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Safety in histopathology &amp; cytology lab<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Laboratory safety and infection control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Handling and disposing of biological hazards<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Storage and handling of dangerous chemicals<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"476\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cheesbrough, M. Distinct Laboratory Manual in tropical countries. (2008). Revised 2<sup>nd <\/sup> Cambridge: Cambridge University press.<\/li>\n<li>Gracia L.S. (2014). Clinical laboratory management. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Wasgington: American society of microbiology.<\/li>\n<li>John R. Snyder and Donald A. Senhauser. Administration and supervision in laboratory medicine. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> J.B. Lippincott company, Philadelphia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table width=\"668\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"668\">\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609448\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610244\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610804\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610910\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611467\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611832\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700954\"><\/a>Course title: Physiology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>Phys128<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides basic background to the principal physiological systems of the human body.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>By the end of this course, students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>State the role of the different body systems in regulating the internal environment<\/li>\n<li>Integrate information about various body systems and describe how one system impacts the other systems.<\/li>\n<li>Describe abnormalities in body systems<\/li>\n<li>Predict how abnormalities affect homeostasis and how the body attempt to compensate for the abnormalities.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"632\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Introduction to human physiology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The internal environment and homoeostasis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Membrane biophysics and temperature<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Body fluids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Haemopoiesis: red blood cells<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Haemopoiesis: White blood cells &amp; Platelets<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Blood group systems and plasma proteins<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Nervous system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Cardiovascular system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Respiratory system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Digestive system-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Digestive system-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Urinary system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Acid- base balance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Endocrine system-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"529\">Reproductive system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"638\"><strong>Practical<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Orientation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Body fluid analysis-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Body fluid analysis-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Haemopoietic cell morphology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Haemoglobin estimation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Haemocytometry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Blood cell count-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Blood cell count-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Blood cell count-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Blood grouping-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Blood grouping-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Heart beats<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Blood pressure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Lung function test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"523\">Acid base balance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Costanzol L.S. (1998). Physiology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Maryland: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins<\/li>\n<li>Ganong W.F. (2005). Review of medical physiology. 21<sup>st<\/sup> Middle East edition: McGraw Hill.<\/li>\n<li>Hall J.E. (2011). Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. 12<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609449\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610245\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610805\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610911\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611468\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611833\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700955\"><\/a>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631<\/strong>: \u0633\u0648\u062f 129<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/strong>: \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631<\/strong>: 15 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u064a\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a: 80%<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646\u062c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"150\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"492\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc112609450\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610246\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610806\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610912\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611469\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611834\"><\/a><\/h1>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc114700956\"><\/a>SEMESTER THREE<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609451\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610247\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610807\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610913\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611470\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611835\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700957\"><\/a>Course title: Basic Immunology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>IMN231<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours<\/strong>: 2(2+0)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester<\/strong>: (3)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration<\/strong>: 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course provide basic information about body defense mechanisms, mainly covers the immune system, complement system, immune response, types of immunity, and antigen antibody reactions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course the students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Define medical terms related to immunity and the immune response<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the types of immunological organs and tissues associated with the immune system<\/li>\n<li>Numerate the functions of lymphoid cells, phagocytic cells, phagocytoses and non \u2013T non-B cells<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the basis of lymphokines, cytokines, antigens, antibodies and humoral immunity<\/li>\n<li>Identify the general concepts of T-cell activation, cellular immunity, complement system, MHS, and HLA.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principles and procedures of immunological techniques.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theoretical examination: 80%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"600\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Introduction to immunology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definitions and historical background<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Function of immune system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Innate immunity:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Natural immunity\u2019s determinants<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Natural immunity\u2019s factors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Acquired immunity:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Recognition, specificity and memory<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types (Primary &amp; secondary immune response)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Antigens and immunogens:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antigenic determinants<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Factors affecting immunogenicity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anatomy and physiology of the immune system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Primary and secondary immune system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cell involved in the immune system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Immunoglobulins (Igs):<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Isotopes and subclasses<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Structures and functions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Cell cooperation:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Principles of cells interaction<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T-cell and B-cell receptors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Major histocomtibility:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classes and structures<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Genomic organization of MHC and disease association<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Regulation of the immune response:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T-cell defense mechanisms (Dependent &amp; independent)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Role of macrophage and Cytokines\u2019 network<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Complement \u20131:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classical pathway activation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Alternative pathway activation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Complements-2:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classical pathway activation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Alternative pathway activation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Complement-3:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Functions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control of activity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Primary Ag-Ab interaction:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Agglutination<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Precipitation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Secondary Ag-Ab interaction:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 RIA &amp; IFT<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ELISA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Abbas A.K., Lichtman A.H. (2006-2007). Basic immunology: functions and disorders of the immune system. updated edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier<\/li>\n<li>Mohanty S.K., Leela K.S. (2014). Textbook of immunology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Rich R.R. (2001). Clinical immunology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> London: Mosby international Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Sastry A.S., Sandhya Bhat K. (2014). Review of microbiology and immunology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609452\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610248\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610808\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610914\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611471\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611836\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700958\"><\/a>Course title: Basic Haematology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>HEM232<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(3)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration: <\/strong>15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This is an introductory course to haematology provides the students with basic information about blood cell production, characteristics, functions, kinetics, and morphological features, as well as, ABO and Rhesus blood groups system and normal haemostatic system.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Describe blood constituents, functions and properties.<\/li>\n<li>Define haematopoiesis and describe haemopoietic sites according to developmental stages.<\/li>\n<li>Define haemopoietic growth factors and describe their actions.<\/li>\n<li>Define erythropoiesis and identify different erythropoietic stages, substances needed for erythropoiesis.<\/li>\n<li>Describe red ell metabolic pathways.<\/li>\n<li>Describe red cell membrane structure.<\/li>\n<li>Describe hemoglobin structure, types, synthesis and Genetic regulation of haemoglobin synthesis.<\/li>\n<li>Numerate and describe different leucopoietic stages.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the Functions, kinetic and morphological features of normal mature leukocytes.<\/li>\n<li>Define the structure and morphological features of normal erythrocytes in bone marrow and peripheral blood picture.<\/li>\n<li>Define thrombopoiesis, and identify different thrombopoietic stages and morphological features of individual megakaryocyte.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the process of platelet production and platelet body distribution.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the ABO and Rh antigens and antibodies.<\/li>\n<li>Perform ABO and Rh(D) grouping as well as D<sup>u<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Define the components and functions of hemostasis and describe the process of formation of primary and secondary haemostatic plug.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Introduction to haematology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haematology definition and branches<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Blood (definition, constituents, functions and properties)<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Haematopoiesis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sites according to developmental stages<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types and prosperities of haemopoietic stem cell<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Structure of bone marrow microenvironment<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haemopoietic growth factors<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Erythropoiesis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Substances needed<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Erythropoietin<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Erythropoietic stages<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Regulation of erythropoiesis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Function and morphology of mature erythrocyte<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Haemoglobin:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haemoglobin structure and types<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Synthesis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Genetic regulation of haemoglobin synthesis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haemoglobin functions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haemoglobin breakdown<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Structure and morphological features of normal erythrocyte:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Red blood cell membrane composition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Structure -function relationship<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Red blood cell deformability<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Morphological features of normal erythrocyte<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Red blood cell metabolism<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pentose phosphate pathway<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Embden-Meyerhof pathway<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Leucopoiesis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stages<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Growth factors and regulation of leucopoiesis<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">White blood cells:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types and classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Functions and kinetic<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Morphological features of normal mature leucocytes<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Thrombopoiesis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stages<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Morphological features of individual megakaryocyte<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Platelet production and Body distribution<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Regulation of thrombopoiesis and platelet production<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Introduction to Immunohaematology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of immunohaematology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Blood transfusion<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Blood groups<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ABO blood group antigens and antibodies<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ABO grouping<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Introduction to Immunohaematology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rhesus (Rh) blood group antigen and antibodies<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rh grouping<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D<sup>u <\/sup>method<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Introduction to haemostasis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition, components and functions of haemostasis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Formation of primary haemostatic plug<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Introduction to haemostasis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Formation of secondary haemostatic plug<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Regulation of coagulation<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Fibrinolytic system:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Plasminogen<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Plasminogen activators<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Plasminogen inhibitors<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fibrin degradation<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"597\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Introduction to haematology laboratory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Identification of laboratory glassware and equipments<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Basic laboratory skills<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Preparation of reagents<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Blood film spreading<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Blood film staining and examination<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Morphological features of erythropoietic series<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Morphological features of leucopoietic series<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Morphological features of thrombopoietic series<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">ABO grouping (slide method)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">ABO grouping (tube method)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Rh(D) grouping<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">D<sup>U<\/sup> method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Bleeding time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"489\">Clotting time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Bain B.J., Bates I., Laffan M.A. (2016). Dacie and Lewis practical Haematology, 12<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Hoffbrand A.V., Moss P.H.A., Pettit J.E. (2006). Essential Haematology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell publishing Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Hillyer C.D. Siberstein L., Ness P.M. Anderson K.C, Roback J.D. (2009). Blood banking and transfusion medicine: basic principles and practice. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New Delhi: Elsevier Inc.<\/li>\n<li>Steine-Martin E.A., Lotspeich-Steininger C.A., Koepke J.A. (1998). Clinical Haematology: principles, procedures, correlation. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven publishers.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609453\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610249\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610809\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610915\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611472\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611837\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700959\"><\/a>Course title: Basic Histopathological techniques<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>HST233<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(3)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration: <\/strong>15 weeks<\/p>\n<table width=\"665\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"665\"><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the different methods applied for preparation of biopsy for histopathological examination, types, aims, purposes of fixation and common fixing agents. The course will also describe the steps of tissue processing, microtome types and using, and the different methods of coloration used in histology.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, the students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Recognize the general aspects and the general principles of the pre-analytical phase for histopathology laboratory methods<\/li>\n<li>Perform the initial processes intended to ensure the quality of the histopathological techniques.<\/li>\n<li>Perform the different methods used for preparation of cells and tissues for microscopy<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the aims of fixation and the different fixatives used for preservation of cells and tissues components<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the principles, methods and the fluids used for decalcification of bones and calcified tissues.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principles, aims, factors, stages and the different solutions used in tissue processing.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the types of microtomes and how to cut thin section in microtome<\/li>\n<li>Describe the applications and types of frozen techniques.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the different methods used for coloration of tissues sections<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the types of routine staining (haematoxylin and eosin) and discuss the most important mounting medium that can be applied to the stained sections<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Introduction to the Histopathology Laboratory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Methods of preparation (direct examination, cytological preparation, sectional methods and methods of examination (non-staining methods)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">\u00a0Fixation (definition, aim, effect), and tissue fixatives (simple and compound).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">\u00a0Cytological Fixatives, classification and factors affect fixation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">\u00a0Decalcification (principle, methods, factors, detection of endpoint of decalcification)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">\u00a0Tissue processing (reception, dehydration, clearing).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Tissue processing (impregnation, and embedding media)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Mid-Term Exam.\u00ad\u00ad<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Microtomy (principle, types of microtomes, sections cutting)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Frozen section (definition, application, types)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Theory of stain (aim, principle of staining)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Methods of coloration (tissue- dye complexes, vital staining, elective solubility, staining by the chemical production of colored substances in the tissues and metallic impregnation)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Haematoxylin (types, principles, alum and iron haematoxylin)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Haematoxylin and eosin and mounting media (resinous and aqueous mounting media)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Practical<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">\u00a0 Introduction: Orientation to histopathology laboratory, and lab safety in histopathology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">\u00a0Identification of different instruments and solutions in histopathology laboratory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Tutorial: methods of preparation and examination<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Preparation of fixatives (simple histological, compound fixative and cytological fixative).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Decalcification and detection of the end point of decalcification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Revision: microscopic slide<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Selection of biopsy specimen, and manual tissue processing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Embedding<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Embedding<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Microtomy-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Microtomy-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Staining with Mayer&#8217;s Haematoxylin (progressive).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Staining with Harris Haematoxylin (regressive)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Staining with Weather&#8217;s Haematoxylin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prasad S.R. (2011). Practical histology for medical students. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Suvarna K., Layton C., Bancrofti J.D. (2012). Bancrofti\u2019s Theory and practice of histological techniques. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Churchill Livingstone.<\/li>\n<li>Young B. Stewart W., O\u2019Dowd G. (2009). Wheather\u2019s basic pathology: a text, atlas, and review of histopathology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> London: Chuchill Lvingstone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609454\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610250\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610810\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610916\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611473\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611838\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700960\"><\/a>Course title: Basic Microbiology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: MCR234<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(3)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration: <\/strong>15 weeks.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides the student with information about bacterial cell structure, classification, bacterial growth and its role in infectious diseases, as well as specimens collection and sterilization methods.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, the student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identify the basic features and nature of bacteria and other microorganisms.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the morphology, classification, growth, and nutrition of bacteria.<\/li>\n<li>Practice how to sterilize and disinfect glassware and materials used in the laboratories.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the type of normal bacterial body flora, the pathogenicity of microorganisms, and transmission.<\/li>\n<li>Practice how to collect and transport microbiology specimens.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Introduction to medical microbiology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of microbiology &amp; related terms<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 General feature of microorganisms<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification of medical microorganisms and Bacterial morphology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Bacterial structure 1:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Essential structure (cell wall, cell membrane, mesosome, nuclear body &amp; cytoplasm.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Bacterial structure 2:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Other structure: flagella, pili, spore &amp;capsule<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Bacterial nutrition and growth requirements:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Physical &amp; chemical nutritional factors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Bacterial genetics and reproduction:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of DNA, replication &amp; genetic variation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Sterilization:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dry heat and moist heat.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Sterilization:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Radiation and filtration).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Disinfectants:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Strong and mild.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">\u00a0Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Normal body flora:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition, classification and it\u2019s medical role<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Pathogenic bacteria:<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Pathogenicity and pathogenesis of bacteria:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition, affecting factors and disease processing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Communicable disease:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Aetiology, types and feature.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Collection, transport and storage of clinical specimens:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sterile specimens.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Collection, transport and storage of clinical specimens:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Non sterile specimens<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><u>Practical:<\/u><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Audio-visual demonstration: Medical microbiology.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Audio-visual demonstration: Classification of medical microorganisms<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Audio-visual demonstration: Bacterial morphology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Audio-visual demonstration: Bacterial structure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Audio-visual demonstration: Bacterial nutrition and growth requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Audio-visual demonstration Bacterial genetics and reproduction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Sterilization: dry heat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Sterilization: moist heat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Sterilization by radiation filtration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Disinfection<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Tutorial: Bacterial morphology and structure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Audio-visual demonstration of bacterial pathogenesis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Tutorial: Early history in microbiology.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Collection, transport and storage of clinical specimens (Sterile specimens)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Collection, transport and storage of clinical specimens (Non <strong>s<\/strong>terile specimens)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Brook G. F., Butel J., Ornston L., Jawetz E., Melnick J., Adelberg E. (2007). Medical Microbiology. 20<sup>th<\/sup> California: Appleton and long.<\/li>\n<li>Cheesbrough, M. Distinct Laboratory Manual in tropical countries. (2008). Revised 2<sup>nd <\/sup> Cambridge: Cambridge University press.<\/li>\n<li>Collee G., Marmion B. P., Fraser A. G.; Simmons A. (2007). Mackie and McCarteny Practical Medical Microbiology. 14<sup>th<\/sup> edition. New York: Elsevier science<\/li>\n<li>Sastry A.S., Sandhya Bhat K. (2014). Review of microbiology and immunology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609455\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610251\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610811\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610917\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611474\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611839\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700961\"><\/a>Course title: Carbohydrates &amp; Lipids<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>CLN235<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(3)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the pathophysiology and diagnosis of carbohydrates and lipids disorders.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course the student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Describe the classification, digestion, absorption &amp; metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids, and understand the disorders of glucose and lipids metabolism.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the digestion &amp; absorption of carbohydrates, and explain the various means by which glucose may be metabolized.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss pathophysiology of carbohydrate disorders.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the basis of metabolism and laboratory finding and methods for blood sugar estimation.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins and types and causes of Hyperlipidemia.<\/li>\n<li>Investigate patients with Hyperlipidemia.<\/li>\n<li>Define obesity and discuss causes and healthy consequences of obesity.<\/li>\n<li>Perform lipids profile with different methods.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Carbohydrate (Biochemistry &amp; metabolism)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Classification of Carbohydrates<\/li>\n<li>Chemical Properties of Carbohydrates<\/li>\n<li>Glucose Metabolism<\/li>\n<li>Fate of Glucose<\/li>\n<li>Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Carbohydrates disorders<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Genetic Defects in Carbohydrate Metabolism<\/li>\n<li>Hyperglycemia<\/li>\n<li>Diabetes Mellitus<\/li>\n<li>Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus<\/li>\n<li>Criteria for Testing for Prediabetes and Diabetes<\/li>\n<li>Criteria for the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus<\/li>\n<li>Criteria for the Testing and Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Diabetes mellitus type I &amp; II<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Complications of disease process.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Hypoglycaemia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Investigations of carbohydrates disorders:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Role of laboratory in differential diagnosis and management of patients with glucose metabolic alterations<\/li>\n<li>Methods of Glucose Measurement<\/li>\n<li>Glucose Tolerance and 2-Hour Postprandial Tests<\/li>\n<li>Glycosylated Hemoglobin\/Hemoglobin A1c<\/li>\n<li>Microalbuminuria<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Reducing substances:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Common reducing substances found in urine<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Sources of reducing substances<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Ketone bodies<\/li>\n<li>Methods of Ketone measurement<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Plasma lipids &amp; lipoproteins metabolism<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>lipid chemistry<\/li>\n<li>general lipoprotein structure<\/li>\n<li>lipoprotein physiology and metabolism<\/li>\n<li>Lipid absorption<\/li>\n<li>Exogenous pathway<\/li>\n<li>Endogenous pathway<\/li>\n<li>Reverse cholesterol transport pathway<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Clinical disorders of lipid metabolism:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Primary hyperlipidemia<\/li>\n<li>Secondary hyperlipidemia<\/li>\n<li>Hypercholesterolemia<\/li>\n<li>Hypertriglyceridemia<\/li>\n<li>Atherosclerosis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Plasma lipids &amp; lipoprotein metabolism disorders:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Frederickson\u2019s classification of lipid disorders<\/li>\n<li>Hyperlipoproteinemia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Combined Hyperlipoproteinemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lipoprotein(a) Elevation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hypolipoproteinemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hypoalphalipoproteinemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Estimation methods of lipids &amp; lipoproteins:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cholesterol Measurement<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Triglyceride Measurement<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lipoprotein Methods<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 High-Density Lipoprotein Methods<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Low-Density Lipoprotein Methods<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Frederickson\u2019s equation for calculation of LDL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Seminar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Obesity:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>causes of obesity<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Health consequences of obesity<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Strategies to promote health<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Hypertension:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mechanisms that Regulate BP<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rationale of hypertension<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Health consequences of hypertension<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Cases study:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Obesity Cases<\/li>\n<li>Hypertension cases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"648\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"648\"><strong><u>Practical:\u00a0 <\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Glucose estimation (Chemical method).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Glucose estimation (Enzymatic method).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Glucose tolerance test (1).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Glucose tolerance test (2).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Case study (Glucose).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Detection of reducing substance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Total cholesterol estimation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Triglyceride estimation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">HDL estimation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">LDL estimation (Direct &amp; calculated method).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Case study: Hyperlipidaemia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Case study: obesity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Case study:\u00a0 hypertension<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Case study: patients with DM, HTN, and hyper lipidemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"545\">Tutorial.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Crook M.A. (2006). ZILVA clinical chemistry and metabolic medicine. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Hodder Arnold.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Bangert S.K. (2008). Clinical chemistry. 6<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Lapsley M., Day A.P., Ayling R.M. (2014). Clinical biochemistry: metabolic and clinical aspects. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u00a0<a name=\"_Toc112609456\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610252\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610812\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610918\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611475\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611840\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700962\"><\/a>Course title: Laboratory Instrumentation<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: INS236<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(3)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the fundamental principles, component, and operation, and applications of laboratory instruments.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course Objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, the student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Identify of the basic concepts of laboratory equipment.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the principles of basic laboratory instruments<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the principles of basic laboratory instruments<\/li>\n<li>Identify the components of laboratory instruments<\/li>\n<li>Identify the components of laboratory instruments<\/li>\n<li>Explain standard use of laboratory equipment.<\/li>\n<li>Operate basic laboratory instruments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 80%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Introduction to Laboratory instrument.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Explain standard laboratory equipments used in laboratory<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">The basic principles of instrument:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Physical principle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chemical principle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Optical microscope:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 light<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition light.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Types of Light.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Behaviors of light.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Color Mixing<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Microscope:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Types of microscopes<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Know the components necessary for building optical instruments.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Standard operation principle.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Routine check<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Colorimeter:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Know the components necessary for building optical instruments.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Standard operation principle.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Explain the differences between filters and monochromators.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Standard operation procedure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Flame photometer:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Know the components necessary for building optical instruments.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Standard operation principle.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Explain the differences between filters and monochromators.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Standard operation procedure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Equipments uses water<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Water:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition water.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Type of heat transference systems:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Water bath:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Know the components.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Standard operation principle.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Standard operation procedure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Sterility: autoclave and oven:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sterilization<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Type of Sterilization<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Autoclave and oven:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Know the components.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Standard operation principle.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Standard operation procedure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Incubator:<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Know the components.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Standard operation principle.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Standard operation procedure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Distilled water:<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Know the components.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Standard operation principle.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Standard operation procedure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Equipments used motor:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Motor:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Type of motor<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Centrifuge:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Know the components.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Standard operation principle.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Standard operation procedure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Mixers and rotators:<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Definition.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Type of mixers and rotators.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Know the components.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Standard operation principle.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Standard operation procedure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bain B.J., Bates I., Laffan M.A. (2016). Dacie and Lewis practical Haematology, 12<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Bell S., Morris K. (2010). An introduction to microscopy. 1<sup>st<\/sup> Tylor &amp; Francis group.<\/li>\n<li>Sood R. (2015). Concise book of medical laboratory technology: methods and interpretations. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> London: The health sciences publisher.<\/li>\n<li>Suvarna K., Layton C., Bancrofti J.D. (2012). Bancrofti\u2019s Theory and practice of histological techniques. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Churchill Livingstone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609457\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610253\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610813\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610919\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611476\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611841\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700963\"><\/a>Course title:\u00a0 Nematodes<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: PRA237<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(3)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides comprehensive information about Nematode worms including classification, morphology, pathogenicity, laboratory diagnosis, control, and treatment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives and learning outcomes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Describe the taxonomy and morphology of Nematodes of medical importance<\/li>\n<li>Define the factors affecting nutrition, growth, and methods of reproduction and multiplication of Nematodes of medical importance.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the pathogenicity and toxin production of Nematodes together with the allergens resulting from their pathogenic effects<\/li>\n<li>Describe the features and discuss spread of Nematodes.<\/li>\n<li>Perform the laboratory techniques use for Nematodes diagnosis<strong>. <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instructional methods:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"485\">Nematodes:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"133\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Ascaris lumbricoides:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Trichuris trichura:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Entrobius vermicularis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Hook worms:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Strongyloides stercoralis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Larva migrans;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Examination of blood for Helminthes<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Wucheraria bancrofti<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Loa Loa, Mansonella spp.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Brugiamalayi, Brugiatimori:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Onchocerca volvulus:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Dracunculus medinensis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Trichinella spiralis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"504\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"485\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"19\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"114\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"568\"><strong><u>Practical <\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">General Morphology of Nematodes<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Ascaris Lumbricoides (all stages)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Trichuris trichura (all stages)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Entrobius vermicularis (all stages)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Hook worm (all stages)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Strongyloides stercoralis (all stages)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Laboratory diagnosis of larva migrant<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Blood concentration techniques<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Wucheraria bancrofti (all stages)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Lao loa (all stages)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Brugia spp<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Onchocerca volvulus all (Skin snip, biopsy, and tissue processing for tissue worms)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Dracunculus medinensis<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Trichinella spiralis (all stages)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"472\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"88\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Arora D.R., Arora B.B. (2014). Medical parasitology. 4<sup>th<\/sup> New Delhi: CBS publishers &amp; distributors.<\/li>\n<li>Day N.C., Dey T.K., Dey S.M. (2010). Medical parasitology. 11<sup>th<\/sup> London: New central book agency (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>John D.T., Peter W.A. (2006). Markell and Voge\u2019s medical parasitology. 9<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc112609458\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610254\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610814\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610920\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611477\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611842\"><\/a><\/h1>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc114700964\"><\/a>SEMESTER FOUR<\/h1>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609459\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610255\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610815\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610921\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611478\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611843\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700965\"><\/a>Course title: Basic haematological techniques<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>HEM241<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester:<\/strong> (4)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course provides the student with the basics of haematological techniques. It covers collection, handling, and transport of haematological samples, routine haematological methods, and principle of automated haematology analyzers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Perform the collection, handling, storage and transport of the blood samples.<\/li>\n<li>Perform the haemoglobin estimation by different methods and protocols.<\/li>\n<li>Define haemocytometry and describe their purposes, principle, diluents and method.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principle of\/ and perform haematocrit.<\/li>\n<li>Perform total white blood cell count and differential count.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the different types of Romanowsky stains.<\/li>\n<li>Prepare, stain and examine thin blood film and comment on peripheral blood picture.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principle of automated hematology analyzers, identify causes of trouble shooting and problem solving.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principle\/ and Perform erythrocyte sedimentation rate by different methods.<\/li>\n<li>Describe source of errors in different routine haematological techniques<\/li>\n<li>Define quality assurance and describe quality assurance stages for routine haematological investigations.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instructional methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theoretical examination:40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Orientation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Safety in haematology laboratory:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types of hazards in haematology laboratory<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Universal precautions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Waste disposal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Blood sample collection, handling, storage and transport:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Finger prick<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Venipuncture<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anticoagulants<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Handling, storage and transport of blood samples<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Source of errors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Haemoglobin estimation:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haemoglobin estimation methods<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haemoglobin curve<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haemoglobin chart<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Introduction to haemocytometry:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 purpose<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Principles<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Source of errors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Red blood cell count:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Aim<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Principle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Diluent<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Method<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Calculation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reference values<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Source of errors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Haematocrit (packed cell volume) and red blood cell indices:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haematocrit<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Principle<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Method<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Reference values<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Source Definitions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Red cell indices:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Uses<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Calculations<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Applications<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Reference values<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Preparation of blood film and Romanowsky stains:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 partitioning of thin blood film:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Spreading<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Fixation<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Staining<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Romanowsky stains:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Types<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Composition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Preparation<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Principles of staining<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Uses in haematology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">WBC counts:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Total WBC count<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Aim<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Principle<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Diluent<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Method<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Calculation<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Reference values<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Source of errors<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Differential WBC count<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Aim<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Method<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Source of errors<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Calculation of absolute values<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Platelet count<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Aim<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Principle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Diluent<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Method<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Calculation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reference values<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Source of errors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Variations in blood cell morphology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Comment on peripheral blood picture (PBP)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Abnormal red blood cell morphology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Morphological abnormalities of leucocytes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Morphological abnormalities of platelets<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Complete blood count:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tests<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Results interpretation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical significance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Automated haematology analyzer (cell counter):<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Advances<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Principles<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Troubleshooting<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Problem resolving<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Artificial abnormalities of complete blood count:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Effect of anticoagulants<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Effect of sample storage<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Abnormalities due bad techniques<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR):<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Purpose<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Principle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Methods<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reference values<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Source of errors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Introduction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Blood sample collection<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Blood sample collection<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Hb estimation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Construction of Hb curve and chart<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Introduction to haemocytometry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Total WBC count<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Platelet count<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">RBC count<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Haematocrit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Calculation of RBC indices<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Differential WBC count and calculation of absolute values<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Complete blood count- CBC (manual methods)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Complete blood count- CBC (automation)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)<strong>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bain B.J., Bates I., Laffan M.A. (2016). Dacie and Lewis practical Haematology, 12<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Hoffbrand A.V., Moss P.H.A., Pettit J.E. (2006). Essential Haematology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell publishing Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Steine-Martin E.A., Lotspeich-Steininger C.A., Koepke J.A. (1998). Clinical Haematology: principles, procedures, correlation. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven publishers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609460\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610256\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610816\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610922\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611479\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611844\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700966\"><\/a>Course title: Basic microbiological techniques<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: MCR242<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(4)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration<\/strong>: 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides the student with the information and skills necessary to perform different staining reactions, types and preparation of culture media, biochemical reactions, identification of gram-positive cocci and antimicrobial sensitivity.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, the student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identify principles of different basic bacteriological techniques<\/li>\n<li>Perform Gram stain, ZN stain and special bacteriological stains.<\/li>\n<li>Prepare, inoculate and incubate culture media and biochemical test.<\/li>\n<li>Perform the laboratory methods used for the isolation, identification, of gram-positive cocci.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the modes of action of antimicrobial drugs and the procedures of sensitivity testing.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h5><strong>Instructional methods:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Laboratory practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"696\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Staining: Theory, types, making and fixing smears and simple stain.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Gram stain, ZN stain and fluorescent techniques: Theory, principle, and application.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Spore stain, capsules, Dark field microscopy: Theory, principle, types and application.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Culture media: Definition, uses, common ingredients and classification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Culture media: Selection, preparation and storage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\"><a name=\"_Toc112609461\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610257\"><\/a>Inoculation and incubation: Methods, apparatus used types and applications).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Biochemical tests for Gram negative rod: Uses, classification, citrate, indole, urease and oxidase.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Biochemical tests for Gram negative rods: KIA, SFT, Motility, OF &amp; VP-MR.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Staphylococci (<em>S. aureus): <\/em>General properties, pathogenicity, antigenic composition and genes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Coagulase negative staphylococci and laboratory diagnosis of staphylococci<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Beta-haemolytic streptococci: General properties, pathogenicity, antigenic composition, genes and lab diagnosis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Alpha-haemolytic streptococci: General properties, pathogenicity, antigenic composition, genes and lab diagnosis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Non-haemolytic streptococci: General properties, pathogenicity, antigenic composition, genes and lab diagnosis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Antimicrobial drugs: Mode of actions, classification types and bacterial resistance.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"599\">Sensitivity testing: Dilution technique, diffusion technique and E-test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"649\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Making and fixing smears and simple stain.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Gram stain.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">ZN stain.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Spore stain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">capsule stain.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Preparation of basic and differential culture media.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Preparation of selective culture media.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Preparation of enriched media, inoculation and incubation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Biochemical tests for gram negative bacteria (citrate, indole, urease &amp; oxidase).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Biochemical tests for gram negative bacteria (KIA, SFT, motility, OF, and VP- MR)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Staphylococci.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Beta-haemolytic streptococci.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Alpha-haemolytic streptococci.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Non-haemolytic streptococci.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15<\/strong>)<\/td>\n<td width=\"546\">Sensitivity testing.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Cheesbrough, M. Distinct Laboratory Manual IN tropical countries. (2008). Revised 2<sup>nd <\/sup> Cambridge: Cambridge University press.<\/li>\n<li>Collee G., Marmion B. P., Fraser A. G.; Simmons A. (2007). Mackie and McCarteny Practical Medical Microbiology. 14<sup>th<\/sup> edition. New York: Elsevier science<\/li>\n<li>Sastry A.S., Sandhya Bhat K. (2014). Review of microbiology and immunology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609462\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610258\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610817\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610923\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611480\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611845\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700967\"><\/a>Course title: Basic molecular biology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>MLB243<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>2(2+0)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(4)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course provides the students with basic information about nucleic acids structure and functions, gene expression, and mutations. It also covers the principles and applications of molecular biology techniques used in medical laboratories.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course the students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identify the bases, concepts and terminologies of molecular biology<\/li>\n<li>Recognize molecular structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell.<\/li>\n<li>Differentiate between various types of nucleic acids<\/li>\n<li>Discuss different steps of DNA replication and gene expression<\/li>\n<li>Discuss different types of mutation.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize restriction enzymes and their uses<\/li>\n<li>Apply the different methods of nucleic acid extraction<\/li>\n<li>Apply different steps of PCR and electrophoresis<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 80%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Introduction to molecular biology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definitions of molecular biology and terminology.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Historical overview of molecular biology milestone events<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Role in medicine.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Nucleus, chromatin and chromosome:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Structure<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Differences<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Functions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Their organization at different developmental stages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Nucleic acids \u2013 Types and Structure.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Historical overview<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0DNA &amp; RNA structure<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Topology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Differences<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">DNA Replication<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Why<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 When<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 How<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different proteins involved<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Detailed mechanism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">RNA &#8211; Types and function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 RNA world<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Why RNA is needed<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Structure of different types<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Peculiarities of different RNAs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Gene expression<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The concepts of Gene, Genome, Transcriptome and proteome<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Central dogma of molecular biology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different steps of gene expression<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Transcription steps and requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">RNA processing and Gene code<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 mRNA modification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Capping and Tailing<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Splicing and alternative splicing<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The concept of codon<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The genetic code and its properties.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Translation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Why<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 When<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 How<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different elements involved<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Detailed mechanism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">\u00a0Mutation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mutation and polymorphism.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different types of mutation.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Point mutation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chromosomal mutation, structural and numerical<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical implications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Restriction enzymes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Exonucleases and endonucleases<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Their source and function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nomenclature<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different types<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Uses<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different type of cuts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Nucleic acids extraction<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 DNA extraction<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 RNA extraction<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 cDNA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Electrophoresis and blotting<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Principles<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The uses<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different types<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different components<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Steps<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different types of blotting<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Differences between southern, northern and western<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">RFLP and gene cloning<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 RFLP concept and uses<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gene cloning and libraries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Polymerase chain reaction<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The principle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different components<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Set up a PCR<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The primers<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Steps<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">\u00a0Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Champe P.C., Harvey R.A., Ferrier D.R. (2005). Biochemistry. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> USA: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.<\/li>\n<li>Craig N.L., Cohen-Fix O., Green R. Greider C.W., Storz G. Wolberger C. (2010). Molecular biology: principles of genome function. Oxford: Oxford University press.<\/li>\n<li>Elliot W.H, Elliot D.C. (2006). Biochemistry and molecular biology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New York: Oxford University press.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609463\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610259\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610818\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610924\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611481\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611846\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700968\"><\/a>Course title:\u00a0 Cestodes and Trematodes<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>:\u00a0 PRA244<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(4)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides information about platyhelminthes classification, morphology, pathogenicity, laboratory diagnosis, control, and treatment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Demonstrate adequate knowledge about the biology, pathology and epidemiology of medically important worms.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principle and practice techniques which are used in the diagnosis of parasitic worms.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the taxonomy and morphology of helminths.<\/li>\n<li>Numerate the factors affecting nutrition, growth, and methods of reproduction and multiplication of platyhelminthes of medical importance.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the biology and pathogenicity of platyhelminthes of medical importance.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the features and spread of platyhelminthes.<\/li>\n<li>Perform the laboratory techniques used for platyhelminthes diagnosis.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instructional methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Platyhelminthes:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biology<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Cestodes:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anatomy<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">T. saginata, &amp; Taenia solium:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Hymenolepis nana,\u00a0 Hymenolepis diminuta,\u00a0 Dipylidium caninum<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Echinococcus granulosus,\u00a0 Echinococcus multilocularis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Diphyllobothrium latum,S. prognosis, and other tapeworms:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Trematodes:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anatomy<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Fasciola hepatica\u00a0 Fasciola gigantica,Fasciolopsisbuski:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Heterophyesheterophyes, Clonorchissinensis, Paragonimus spp.:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Blood flukes\u00a0 Schistosoma species:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Schistosoma mansoni, S. intercalatum:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Schistosoma haematobium, S.bovis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Schistosoma japonicum, S. mekongi:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Control of schistosomiasis<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table width=\"630\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"630\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Platyhelminthes (Classification &amp; biology)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Cestodes (Biology, anatomy)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">T. saginata, Taenia solium<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Hymenolepis nana, Hymenolepis diminuta, &amp; Dipylidium caninum<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Echinococcus granulosus, &amp; Echinococcus multilocularis<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Diphyllobothrium latum, Sparganosis. &amp; Other tapeworms<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Trematodes (Biology, Anatomy)<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica, &amp; Fasciolopsis buski<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Heterophyes heterophyes, Clonorchis sinensis, &amp; Paragonimus spp.<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Blood flukes: Schistosoma species<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Schistosoma mansoni, &amp; S. intercalatum<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Schistosoma haematobium, &amp; S. bovis<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Schistosoma japonicum, &amp; S. mekongi<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Control of Schistosomiasis<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"534\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Arora D.R., Arora B.B. (2014). Medical parasitology. 4<sup>th<\/sup> New Delhi: CBS publishers &amp; distributors.<\/li>\n<li>Day N.C., Dey T.K., Dey S.M. (2010). Medical parasitology. 11<sup>th<\/sup> London: New central book agency (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>John D.T., Petrr W.A. (2006). Markell and Voge\u2019s medical parasitology. 9<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609464\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610260\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610819\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610925\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611482\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611847\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700969\"><\/a>Course title: Clinical immunology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code:<\/strong> IMN245<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours<\/strong>: 3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester:<\/strong> (4)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration<\/strong>: 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the immune tolerance and the immunological responses against pathogenic organisms. It also provides the students with information about mechanisms, classification, and diagnosis of immunological diseases.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course students will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Define and classify immunological diseases.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss immunological mechanisms that underline immunological diseases<\/li>\n<li>Apply the immunological techniques<\/li>\n<li>Define the tolerance of immunity, immune suppression, immune deficiency, and auto immunity<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the immunological mechanisms against viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoan, and worm infections<\/li>\n<li>Discuss classification, mechanisms, and laboratory diagnosis of all types hypersensitivity<\/li>\n<li>Identify the principles of vaccination and vaccine production in addition to immunity to cancer<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><u>Instructional methods<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Laboratory Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Evaluations<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Theory examination: 40%<\/p>\n<p>Practical examination: 40%<\/p>\n<p>Activities: 20%<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents: <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"600\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Tolerance and immune suppression<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tolerance<\/li>\n<li>Immune suppression<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Auto immunity and autoimmune diseases<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Auto immunity<\/li>\n<li>Auto \u2013immune disease<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Infection and immunity (1)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Immunity to viruses<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Infection and immunity (2)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Immunity to bacteria<\/li>\n<li>Immunity to fungi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Infection and immunity (3)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Immunity to protozoa<\/li>\n<li>Immunity to Helminthes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Primary immune deficiency<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Humoral &amp; CMI deficiency<\/li>\n<li>Severe combined immune deficiency syndrome<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Secondary immune deficiency<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>AID &amp; HIV infection<\/li>\n<li>Immune response to HIV<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Hypersensitivity (1)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Classification of hypersensitivity<\/li>\n<li>Allergy and mechanisms<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Hypersensitivity (2)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hypersensitivity types II<\/li>\n<li>Hypersensitivity type III<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Hypersensitivity (3)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hypersensitivity types IV<\/li>\n<li>Hypersensitivity type V &amp; VI<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Tissue transplantation<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Effectors that mediate transplant rejection<\/li>\n<li>Current clinical status of transplantation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Tissue typing<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Principles<\/li>\n<li>Techniques<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Immunity to Cancer<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cancer biology<\/li>\n<li>Immunology of Cancer prevention, immunodiagnosis and immune therapy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Vaccination<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vaccine design<\/li>\n<li>Adjuvant<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Immunology techniques<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Important techniques for immune essay and immune diagnosis<\/li>\n<li>Available techniques<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"600\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"600\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Orientation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Anatomy of the immune system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Agglutination reaction-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Agglutination reaction-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Precipitation reaction-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\">\u00a0<strong>\u00a0Week (6<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Precipitation reaction-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Precipitation reaction-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Immuno chromogenic test (ICT)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Radio immuno assay (RIA)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Preparation of antisera<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Complement fixation test-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Complement fixation test-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Enzyme linked immuno assay (ELISA)-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Enzyme linked immuno assay (ELISA)-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Abbas A.K., Lichtman A.H. (2006-2007). Basic immunology: functions and disorders of the immune system. updated edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier<\/li>\n<li>Mohanty S.K., Leela K.S. (2014). Textbook of immunology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Rich R.R. (2001). Clinical immunology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> London: Mosby international Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Sastry A.S., Sandhya Bhat K. (2014). Review of microbiology and immunology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609465\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610261\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610820\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610926\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611483\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611848\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700970\"><\/a>Course title: General Pathology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>HST246<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(4)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<table width=\"665\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"665\"><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course will provide the students with the general concepts of Pathophysiology.\u00a0 It will introduce the concepts of injury and departures from normal structure and function in the human body, as occurs in disease. The various pathological processes and their importance in the basis of human disease will also be studied. In addition, correlation with clinical presentation will also be made, with particular reference to cardiovascular, respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, the students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Discuss the process that led to pathology disturbances.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the macroscopic and microscopic changes in tissue of some pathological disorders.<\/li>\n<li>Develop a positive attitude towards pathology and to work as a member of team with other health personnel.<\/li>\n<li>Explain the terms of etiology and pathogenesis.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the morphology and function of cell undergoing reversible and irreversible cell damage.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the macro-and microscopic changes in acute and chronic inflammation and sequel of inflammation.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the cells involved in acute and chronic inflammation and their function.<\/li>\n<li>Describe about healing and repair process.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the mechanism of thrombosis, embolism, edema, hyperemia, hemorrhage, ischemia and Infarction<\/li>\n<li>Discuss pathogenesis and morphology of some immune-pathological disorders.<\/li>\n<li>Describe etiology, pathogenesis and morphology of some infectious tropical diseases, and describe circulatory disturbances in the body.<\/li>\n<li>Describe etiology of tumor, differences between benign and malignant cells, and mechanism of carcinogenesis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lecture<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Introduction to pathology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Causes and mechanisms of cell injury.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Reversible injury and cell death<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Cellular adaptation mechanisms<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Acute inflammation-I<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Acute inflammation-II.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Chronic inflammation and Granuloma.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Healing and repair<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">\u00a0Intracellular accumulations and pigmentation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Edema, hyperemia, and hemorrhage.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Thrombosis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Embolism, ischemia, and infarction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Tropical diseases<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Neoplasia-I: definition, classification, nomenclature, and cell biology of tumors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Neoplasia-II: Tumor etiology, and carcinogenesis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"638\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Introduction to pathology and microscopic examination of different types of tissue necrosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination and gross pathological specimens of different types of tissue healing and keloid.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination and gross pathological specimens of different types of &#8211; Bacterial infection &#8211; Fungal infection \u2013<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination and gross pathological specimens of different types of parasitic infection and viral infection<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination and gross pathological specimens of different types of intracellular accumulations and pigmentation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination and gross pathological specimens of different types of ischemia, congestion, gangrene, and edema.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination and gross pathological specimens of different types of acute inflammation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination and gross pathological specimens of different types of chronic inflammatory diseases and Granulation tissues<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination and gross pathological specimens of different types of hypersensitivity reactions and auto-immune diseases<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination of different types of genetic disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination and gross pathological specimens of different types of growth disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination and gross pathological specimens of different types of Neoplasia (Lipoma, Fibroma, carcinomas, and sarcomas)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Microscopic examination and gross pathological specimens of different types of malignant tumors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Garg R.G., Gupta S. (2011). Review of pathology and genetics. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers&#8217; medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Kierszenbaum A.L. (2007). Histology and cell biology: an introduction to pathology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Mohan H. (2007). Pathology practical book. 2nd edition. New Delhi: Jypee brothers&#8217; medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609466\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610262\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610821\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610927\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611484\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611849\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700971\"><\/a>Course title: Plasma proteins and electrolytes<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code:<\/strong> CLN247<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(4)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the synthesis, functions, and methods of measurement of plasma proteins and its relation to pathological conditions. Also, it covers the body water and electrolytes distribution, the methods of electrolytes estimation, and disturbances associated with certain disorders.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"9\">\n<li>Discuss the synthesis, general functions, metabolism and laboratory measurement of plasma proteins &amp; it&#8217;s related disorders.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principle of Turbidimetry and Refractometery.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the fundamentals of body water, electrolyte distribution (Na<sup>+ <\/sup>and K<sup>+<\/sup>) and their regulation mechanism.<\/li>\n<li>Define and describe acid base balance.<\/li>\n<li>Perform investigations of disorders of acid-base balance.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the metabolism, disorder and method for calcium, phosphorous and magnesium estimation.<\/li>\n<li>Perform the laboratory methods applied for calcium, phosphorous and magnesium estimation.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instructional methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"709\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Plasma protein<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Classification<\/li>\n<li>Function<\/li>\n<li>Specific plasma protein<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Plasma protein (Disorder)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hyper &amp; Hypoproteinaemia<\/li>\n<li>Hyper &amp; Hypoalbuminaemia<\/li>\n<li>Hyper &amp; Hypoglobulinaemia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Turbidimetry &amp; Refractometery<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Principle<\/li>\n<li>Procedure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Distribution of body water and electrolytes<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Body Water Content<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fluid Compartments<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Transport of Water and Fluids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Water Balance and ECF Osmolality<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mechanisms of Fluid Gain and Loss<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disorders of Water Balance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Control of body water and electrolytes (Na) balance:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Electrolytes (cations and anions)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Electrolyte Functions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sodium<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Regulation of Sodium<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features of hypo &amp; hypernatremia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Control of body water and electrolytes (K) balance:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Potassium<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Potassium regulation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Clinical features of hypo &amp; hyperkalemia.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bicarbonate ion (HCO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>&#8211; <\/sup>)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chloride (Cl <sup>&#8211;<\/sup>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Acid base balance. Mechanism of regulation<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Blood pH<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sources of hydrogen ions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hydrogen ion regulation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chemical buffer systems<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Physiological buffer systems<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Acid base disorders<strong>:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Blood Gas Analyzers: pH, pCO2, and pO2<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Respiratory acidosis and alkalosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Acid base disorders<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Bone mineral- metabolism<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Calcium homeostasis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Calcium functions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Calcium regulation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Bone mineral- metabolism Phosphate regulation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Magnesium<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Magnesium functions and regulation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Bone mineral- Disorder.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disorders of Calcium homeostasis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disorders of Phosphate homeostasis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disorders of magnesium homeostasis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bone Diseases: osteoporosis, Paget<sup>\u2019<\/sup>s disease, osteomalacia &amp;rickets.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Bone mineral- methods of estimation<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Measurement of Calcium<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Precautions in calcium measurement<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Measurement of magnesium<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Measurement of phosphorus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"612\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table width=\"600\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"600\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Orientation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Total protein &amp; albumin estimation &amp; calculation of globulin concentration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Total protein estimation (Comparison refractometry&amp; chemical)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Case study: Water distribution and electrolytes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Case study: hyponatremia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Flame photometer (components&amp; Operation)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Flame photometer (preparation of STD) and measurement of Na.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Flame photometer (preparation of STD) and measurement of K.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Estimation of calcium.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Estimation of phosphorus.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Estimation of calcium (Case study).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Estimation of phosphorus (Case study).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">\u00a0Estimation of magnesium (Case study).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Quality control (Chart plotting)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"503\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Crook M.A. (2006). ZILVA clinical chemistry and metabolic medicine. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Hodder Arnold.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Bangert S.K. (2008). Clinical chemistry. 6<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Lapsley M., Day A.P., Ayling R.M. (2014). Clinical biochemistry: metabolic and clinical aspects. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc112609467\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610263\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610822\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610928\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611485\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611850\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700972\"><\/a>SEMESTER FIVE<\/h1>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609468\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610264\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610823\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610929\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611486\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611851\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700973\"><\/a>Course title: Blood cells disorders<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>HEM351<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester<\/strong>: (5)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration: <\/strong>15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the definition, causes, pathophysiology, clinical features, and laboratory diagnosis of red and white blood cells disorders.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Define anaemia and leukaemia<\/li>\n<li>Describe classification of anaemia and leukaemia<\/li>\n<li>Describe the causes, pathophysiology, clinical feature and laboratory diagnosis of anaemia and leukaemia<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principle of\/ and perform laboratory investigations used for diagnosis of anaemia and leukaemia<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course <\/u><\/strong><strong><u>contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Introduction to anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Body adaptation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Iron metabolism and iron deficiency anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Iron metabolism<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Iron deficiency anaemia<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Megaloblastic anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Aplastic anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">\u00a0Sideroblastic anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types of side oblasts<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of sideroblastic anaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Haemolytic anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evidence of hemolysis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Hereditary spherocytosis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inheritance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inheritance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Sickle cell anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haemoglobinopathies definition and classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of sickle cell anaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inheritance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Thalassemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inheritance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Introduction to leukaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Acute myeloblastic leukaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Incidence<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 FAB and WHO classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Incidence<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 FAB, WHO and immunological classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Chronic myelocytic leukaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Incidence<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Genetics<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical course<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Incidence<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"616\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Complete blood count: normal sample<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Complete blood count: microcytic hypochromic anaemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Iron profile (serum iron and serum ferritin)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Iron profile (TIBC &amp;TS%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Bone marrow iron stain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Complete blood count: megaloblastic anaemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Reticulocyte count<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Osmotic fragility test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Sickling test and Hb-S solubility test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Hb-F estimation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Methemoglobin reduction test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Morphology of acute leukaemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Cytochemical stains<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Morphology of chronic myeloid leukaemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\">Morphology of chronic lymphoid leukaemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"12\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Bain B.J. (2003). Leukaemia diagnosis. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell publishing Ltd<\/li>\n<li>Bain B.J., Bates I., Laffan M.A. (2016). Dacie and Lewis practical Haematology, 12<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Hoffbrand A.V., Moss P.H.A., Pettit J.E. (2006). Essential Haematology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell publishing Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Steine-Martin E.A., Lotspeich-Steininger C.A., Koepke J.A. (1998). Clinical Haematology: principles, procedures, correlation. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven publishers.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609469\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610265\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610824\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610930\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611487\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611852\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700974\"><\/a>Course title: Intestinal and Urogenital Protozology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: PRA352<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(5)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides the students with intensive information about intestinal and urogenital protozoa, in term of classification, morphology, pathogenicity, laboratory diagnosis, control and treatment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Demonstrate adequate knowledge about the biology, pathology, and laboratory diagnosis of intestinal and urogenital protozoa of human medical importance.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the relationship between environment and transmission of protozoa.<\/li>\n<li>Practice basic laboratory skills that are used in the diagnosis of parasitic infection.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the scope of medical parasitology together with the basic terminology and definitions as well as the nomenclature of protozoa.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss biology and taxonomy of protozoa.<\/li>\n<li>Practice the basic skills and techniques for stool examination.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the main properties of different intestinal and urogenital protozoa.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the biology and epidemiology as well as to practice the basic techniques applied in the diagnosis of intestinal and urogenital protozoa<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"564\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Introduction to parasitology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Components<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Terminology<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Taxonomy of protozoa<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Quality control of stool examination:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Microscopy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Blood sample<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stool sample<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Entamoeba histolytica and E. dispar:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Entamoeba coli and other intestinal amoeba:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Identification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Differentiation<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Free living amoebae:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Giardia lamblia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Other flagellates<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Isospory belli<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Cryptosporidium<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Balantidium coli<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">\u00a0Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Opportunistic and nosocomial parasitic infections<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Trichomonas vaginalis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"470\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"594\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Orientation (safety, equipments, regulations)<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Microscopy<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Stool examination<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Entamoeba histolytica and allies<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Entamoeba coli and other intestinal amoeba<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Free living amoebae<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Diagnosis of Giardiasis<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Other flagellates \u2013 trichomonas vaginalis<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Visceral Leishmaniasis.<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Seminar: Leishmaniasis in Sudan<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">African Trypanosomiasis.<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">American Trypanosomiasis.<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"90\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Arora D.R., Arora B.B. (2014). Medical parasitology. 4<sup>th<\/sup> New Delhi: CBS publishers &amp; distributors.<\/li>\n<li>Day N.C., Dey T.K., Dey S.M. (2010). Medical parasitology. 11<sup>th<\/sup> London: New central book agency (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>John D.T., Petrr W.A. (2006). Markell and Voge\u2019s medical parasitology. 9<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609470\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610266\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610825\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610931\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611488\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611853\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700975\"><\/a>Course title: Laboratory Management and quality control<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>MNG353<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>2(2+0)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester:<\/strong> (5)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 Weeks.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course provides the students with the basics of laboratory administration and characters of good and bad manger. It mainly focuses on planning, types of laboratory design, work flow, administration process, safety, and quality measures.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Recognize different concepts of laboratory management.<\/li>\n<li>Design, mange, plan, organize, and control different clinical laboratories.<\/li>\n<li>Perform laboratory tests with relevant and reliable data.<\/li>\n<li>Apply measures needed to improve laboratory efficiency and effectiveness.<\/li>\n<li>Define quality, quality control, quality assurance and related terms<\/li>\n<li>Describe quality assurance stages<\/li>\n<li>Perform quality control measures and interpret results<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><u>Instructional methods: <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Evaluation: <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 80%<\/li>\n<li>Activities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">The nature of Management in the clinical laboratory:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of Administration.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Managerial duties and responsibilities.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Administrative process:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Planning and organization.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Directing, controlling and decision making.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Planning: Establishing policies and procedures:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Variations and Origin.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Characteristics.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 4<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Design of Clinical Laboratory (1):<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Space allocation.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Operational approach.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Structural design.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Modular design.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 5<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Design of Clinical Laboratory (2):\u00a0 <strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Staffing.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Staff size.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Layout flow.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Operational flow.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Organization of Clinical Laboratory\u00a0 <strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Specialization.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Scalar principle.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Unity of direction.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Unity of command &amp; span of control.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory Finance:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cost: Fixed and variable.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cost: Direct and Indirect.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types of budgets.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Budgeting for personnel expenses.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The role of the Laboratory manager<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 8<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Quality assurance:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pre-analytical stage<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Analytical stage<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Post analytical stage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Quality control:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of terms<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Internal quality control<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 External quality control<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Quality control measures and statistics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 10<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Biological sources of variation:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Genetic, sex, and age variation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biorhythm and nutrition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Posture, physical activity, and non-periodic changes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 11<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">General control of laboratory investigations-1:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rejection of specimens<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 calibration, duplicate and replicate tests<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Check tests<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 control chart,<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Data comparison<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Precision and accuracy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 12<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">General control of laboratory investigations-2:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Data handling and data processing<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Personal patient data record and keeping<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Outlier test Delta check<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Computers for control of laboratory performance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 13<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Specific measures:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical chemistry<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haematology<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 14<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Specific measures:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Histopathology and Cytology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical parasitology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week 15<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Specific measures:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical microbiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Serology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References<\/u><\/strong><u>:<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>El-Nageh M.M., Appel W., Engback K., Heuck C.C., Vandepitte J., Kallner A. (2002). Basics of quality assurance for intermediate and peripheral laboratories. 2nd edition. Cairo: World Health Organization.<\/li>\n<li>Gracia L.S. (2014). Clinical laboratory management. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Wasgington: American society of microbiology.<\/li>\n<li>John R. Snyder and Donald A. Senhauser. Administration and supervision in laboratory medicine. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> J.B. Lippincott company, Philadelphia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609471\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610267\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610826\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610932\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611489\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611854\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700976\"><\/a>Course title: Systematic Bacteriology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code:<\/strong> MCR354<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>4(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(5)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration<\/strong>: 15 weeks<\/p>\n<table width=\"667\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"667\"><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides the students with a broad overview of medically important bacteria and different techniques used for isolation and identification of pathological bacteria. It coveres different Gram-positive bacilli, Enterobacteriaceae, aerobic gram-negative bacteria and microaerophilic bacteria (Campylobacter &amp; Helicobacter) and it covered different Gram-negative cocci and coccobacilli, Gram negative pyogenic bacteria, <em>Spirochaetes<\/em>, <em>Legionella<\/em>, <em>Mycobacteria<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course the student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Recognize the general properties of pathogenic bacteria, and their role in the<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>causation of disease.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>Identify the properties, pathogenicity, and infections caused by <em>Clostridia, Corynebacteria,<\/em> and <em>Bacillus species<\/em> &amp; able to perform the diagnosis of these bacteria.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the laboratory diagnosis, transmission, and prevention of bacteria infection caused by <em>Listeria, Enterobacteria, Campylobacter<\/em>, <em>Helicobacter Pseudomonas, &amp; Vibrio<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the properties of gram-negative coccobacilli, e.g., Bordetella, Pasteurella, and Francisella &amp; able to perform the diagnosis of these organisms.<\/li>\n<li>Perform laboratory diagnosis, and discuss classification, and pathogenicity of Haemophilus, Yersinia, Brucella, Neisseria, and Spirochaetes.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the properties, classification, species, and pathogenicity of Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Coxiella, and Mycoplasma and able to perform the laboratory diagnosis of these organisms<\/li>\n<li>Perform laboratory diagnosis of Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, Aeromonas, Acinetobacter, Lactobacillus, Gardnerella, and Bartonella.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the pathogenesis, prevention, and features of Helicobacter, Moraxella, and Legionella, able to perform laboratory diagnosis of these bacteria.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Bacillus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Corynebacteria, Listeria and Erysipelothrix<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Clostridia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Classification of gram-negative rods, <em>Escherichia coli<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Enterobacter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Salmonella<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Shigella<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Proteus, Morganella, Providencia, and Serratia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Campylobacters species and <em>Helicobacter pylori<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Vibrios and Pseudomonas.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Classification of gram-negative cocci and coccobacilli, and Yersinia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">\n<h6>Zoonotic bacteria (Brucella species, Pasteurella, Francisella, Spirillum &amp; Streptobacillus<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Gram negative pyogenic bacteria (Haemophilus &amp; Bordetella, <em>Neisseria &amp; <\/em>Moraxella<em>.&amp; <\/em>Acinetobacter)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Spirochaetes; <em>Treponema pallidum, Borrelia <\/em>and <em>\u00a0Leptospira<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Classification of Mycobacteria and <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacteria leprae<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h6><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/h6>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of Gram-positive Bacilli (Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Clostridia)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Listeria and Erysipelothrix<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Biochemical of gram-negative rods, and diagnosis of<em> Escherichia coli<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Salmonella and laboratory diagnosis of enteric fever.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Shigella<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Proteus, Morganella, Providencia and Serratia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Enterobacter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Campylobacters species and <em>Helicobacter pylori<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Vibrios and <strong>Pseudomonas<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Yersinia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Brucella and blood culture technique<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Haemophilus.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Neisseria and bacteriological examination of CSF<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of syphilis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis and leprosy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Brook G. F., Butel J., Ornston L., Jawetz E., Melnick J., Adelberg E. (2007). Medical Microbiology. 20<sup>th<\/sup> California: Appleton and long.<\/li>\n<li>Cheesbrough, M. Distinct Laboratory Manual IN tropical countries. (2008). Revised 2<sup>nd <\/sup> Cambridge: Cambridge University press.<\/li>\n<li>Collee G., Marmion B. P., Fraser A. G.; Simmons A. (2007). Mackie and McCarteny Practical Medical Microbiology. 14<sup>th<\/sup> edition. New York: Elsevier science<\/li>\n<li>Sastry A.S., Sandhya Bhat K. (2014). Review of microbiology and immunology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609472\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610268\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610827\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610933\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611490\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611855\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700977\"><\/a>Course title: Systemic Chemical Pathology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code:<\/strong> CLN355<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(5)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the chemical pathology of urinary system, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and liver.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"16\">\n<li>Recognize the physiology and anatomy of renal system.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the chemical background of renal function &amp;renal diseases.<\/li>\n<li>Numerate the types and causes of renal diseases<\/li>\n<li>Perform the techniques used for assessment of renal function<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the biochemistry of non-proteins nitrogenous (NPN) substances.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li>Discuss commonly encountered sources of analytical interference in non-proteins nitrogenous (NPN) substances.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the clinical significance associated with detecting abnormal levels of NPN metabolites.<\/li>\n<li>Perform urine analysis.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the GIT anatomy, physiology and relevant tests for gastric, intestinal and pancreatic functions.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"25\">\n<li>Identify the basis of liver anatomy and physiology.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the biochemical aspects of liver diseases.<\/li>\n<li>Perform the laboratory methods applied for the analysis of liver function.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the types, laboratory findings and classification of jaundice.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principle, interpretation and methods of liver function tests.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instructional methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 20%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Renal system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anatomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Review of Physiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Formation of urine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Urinalysis-1<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Physical examinations<\/li>\n<li>Chemical examinations<\/li>\n<li>Deposits preparation<\/li>\n<li>Microscopically.<\/li>\n<li>Interpretation of urine results.<\/li>\n<li>Diagnostic values.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Non-protein nitrogen metabolites-1<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Urea<\/li>\n<li>Ammonia<\/li>\n<li>Method of estimation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Non-protein nitrogen metabolites-2<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Creatine<\/li>\n<li>Creatinine<\/li>\n<li>Method of estimation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Uric acid<\/li>\n<li>Method of estimation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Renal diseases (1)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Azotemia<\/li>\n<li>Glomerular disease.<\/li>\n<li>Nephritic syndrome.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Renal diseases (2)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tubular disease<\/li>\n<li>Rare inherited disorders of the renal tubules.<\/li>\n<li>Diabetes insipidus &amp; Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH)<\/li>\n<li>Types and aspects of renal failure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Renal calculi.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Causes &amp; Formation.<\/li>\n<li>Types of stones (or calculi)<\/li>\n<li>Analysis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Renal function tests.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Glomerular Function test<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tubular Function test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">GIT anatomy and physiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The muscular alimentary canal<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The accessory digestive organs<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Role of GIT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Gastric juice analysis<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The stomach: Normal gastric function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gastric fluid analysis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hyperchlorhydria<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hypochlorhydria<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disorder related to gastric function<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Pancreas:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pancreas anatomy and physiology.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 The pancreas anatomy<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Normal pancreatic function<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Assessment of pancreatic function<\/p>\n<p>Investigation of pancreatic disorders as exocrine gland<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disorder of pancreatic exocrine function<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Acute pancreatitis<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Chronic pancreatitis<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Measurement of pancreatic enzymes: serum amylase &amp; serum lipase.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Intestinal function, disorders, and lab. diagnosis<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The small intestine: Normal intestinal function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disordered of small intestine function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Assessment of intestinal function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-xylose absorption test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Liver:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Liver Anatomy.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Physiology.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Liver functions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Liver Function tests.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Jaundice:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bilirubin:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Metabolism<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Disorder of Bilirubin metabolism.<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Functions measurement<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Specimen requirements<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jaundice<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Liver diseases:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Acute liver failure<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hepatitis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cirrhosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Alcoholic liver disease<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Primary liver cancer<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Uncommon liver diseases.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hereditary diseases<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"567\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Urinalysis;<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Urine collection and preservatives.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (Physical and chemical examination).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Urinalysis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Microscopical examination.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Estimation of blood urea:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chemical method<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Enzymatic method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Estimation of blood creatinine:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 End point<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Estimation of blood creatinine:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kinetic method)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Creatinine clearance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Estimation of blood Uric acid:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chemical method<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Enzymatic method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\"><strong>C<\/strong>ase study: Chronic renal failure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Xylose absorption test.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Occult blood.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Estimation of amylase.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Case study: GIT disorders.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Liver function test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Liver function test<strong>:<\/strong> estimation of total protein, Albumin &amp; calculation of globulin, total &amp; direct bilirubin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Liver enzymes-1<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Estimation of Alkaline phosphatase<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"471\">Liver enzymes-2:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Estimation of alanine transaminase &amp; aspartate transaminase<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>References<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Crook M.A. (2006). ZILVA clinical chemistry and metabolic medicine. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Hodder Arnold.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Bangert S.K. (2008). Clinical chemistry. 6<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Lapsley M., Day A.P., Ayling R.M. (2014). Clinical biochemistry: metabolic and clinical aspects. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609473\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610269\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610828\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610934\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611491\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611856\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700978\"><\/a>Course title: q techniques-1<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code:<\/strong> HST356<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(5)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the uses, principles and methodologies of special histopathological techniques used for demonstration of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, Amyloid and lipids. In addition, provides an introduction to cytological investigations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course Objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course the students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Define the general aspects and the general principles of the analytical phase for histopathology laboratory methods<\/li>\n<li>Perform the initial processes intended to ensure the quality of the histopathological techniques<\/li>\n<li>Deal with, and select special procedures applied to differential diagnosis (special stains)<\/li>\n<li>Recognize applications, uses and quality control of different special staining procedures used to demonstrate specific materials and structures in histological sections.<\/li>\n<li>Perform all the histochemical methods used for demonstration of the nucleic acids<\/li>\n<li>Classify carbohydrates and identify the normal and abnormal location of most important carbohydrates (glycogen and mucin) with the different histochemical techniques used for demonstration of these two substances.<\/li>\n<li>Describe amyloid and amyloidosis and discuss classification of amyloidosis, and methods of demonstration.<\/li>\n<li>Classify lipids, and identify pathological applications and the different methods used for demonstration of lipids in tissue sections<\/li>\n<li>Define the cytology and cytopathology, and perform procedures concern with collection, fixation, and staining of cytological smears.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%,<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"679\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>\u00a0Introduction to special stains<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Demonstration of proteins:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Enzyme histochemical methods<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Immuno histochemical methods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Demonstration of nucleic acids:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Feulgen reaction<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Methyl green-pyronin<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gallocyanin chrome- fluorescent methods)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Glycogen:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Normal location<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathological conditions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fixation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Demonstration of Glycogen:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Periodic acid Schiff\u2019s (PAS)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hexamine silver technique for glycogen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Mucins:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Normal location<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathological applications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Demonstration of mucins:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Alcian blue<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dialyzed iron Prussian blue<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Combined alcian blue- PAS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Tutorial<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Amyloid:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition, composition and classification,<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Demonstration of amyloid (Congo red techniques, metachromasia, fluorescent methods and immunocytochemistry)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\">\u00a0<strong>Tutorial <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Lipids:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Composition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Demonstration of lipids: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Preparation of tissue for lipids demonstration<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Histophysical and histochemical methods<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Applications in pathology<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Introduction to cytology-I: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Application<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sample collection (cervical and endometrial samples )<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Introduction to cytology-II: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cytological fixatives<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Routine staining in cytology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"588\"><strong>Tutorial <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table width=\"679\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"679\"><strong><u>Practical<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Alum Haematoxylin and Eosin.(progressive stain)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Alum Haematoxylin and eosin (regressive stain)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Feulgen reaction at room temperature<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Periodic Schiff&#8217;s reaction (PAS) for glycogen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Hexamine silver technique for glycogen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Alcian blue for acid mucins<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Dialyzed iron Prussian blue for acid mucin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Combined alcian blue- PAS for acid and neural mucin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Highman`s Congo red for amyloid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Crystal violet for amyloid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Orientation of cytological methods: collection of samples.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Haematoxylin and Eosin for cytological smear.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Papanicolaou stain for buccal smear<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"570\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prasad S.R. (2011). Practical histology for medical students. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Suvarna K., Layton C., Bancrofti J.D. (2012). Bancrofti\u2019s Theory and practice of histological techniques. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Churchill Livingstone.<\/li>\n<li>Young B. Stewart W., O\u2019Dowd G. (2009). Wheather\u2019s basic pathology: a text, atlas, and review of histopathology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> London: Chuchill Lvingstone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc112609474\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610270\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610829\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610935\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611492\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611857\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700979\"><\/a>SEMESTER SIX<\/h1>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609475\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610271\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610830\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610936\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611493\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611858\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700980\"><\/a>Course title: Blood and tissue protozology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: PRA361<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(6)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides the students with intensive information about blood and tissue protozoa, in term of: classification, morphology, pathogenicity, laboratory diagnosis, control and treatment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Demonstrate adequate knowledge about the principles of basic parasitological techniques.<\/li>\n<li>Practice the basic parasitological techniques used in the diagnosis of blood and tissue parasites<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the biology, basic pathology, and epidemiology of Plasmodium spp. as well as the laboratory diagnosis of malaria<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the biology of Toxoplasma and the clinical presentation and laboratory diagnosis of toxoplasmosis.<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrate adequate knowledge about the biology as well as practicing the parasitology diagnosis of different coccidian and ciliated parasites of man.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Quality control of blood examination for parasite<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Stains used in blood examination<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Plasmodium spp.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biology.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 General characteristics<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Plasmodium falciparum- falciparum malaria<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Differential diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Plasmodium vivax<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Differential diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Plasmodium malariae&amp; Plasmodium ovale<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Differential diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">MALARIA\u00a0\u00a0 Seminar<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Piroplasma<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Toxoplasma and Toxoplasmosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Leishmania I (coetaneous Leishmaniasis)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Leishmania II (Visceral Leishmaniasis)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Leishmaniasis in Sudan (seminar)<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Trypanosoma I (African Trypanosomiasis)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Trypanosoma I (American Trypanosomiasis)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"638\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Collection of blood and film preparation for the diagnosis of malaria<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Staining of blood films for the diagnosis of malaria parasites<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Examination of blood for malaria parasite<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Plasmodium falciparum (all stages)- Diagnosis of falciparum malaria<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Plasmodium vivax (all stages)<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Plasmodium malariae&amp; Plasmodium ovalae (all stages)<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">lab test<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Babsia and other piroplasma<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Toxoplasma gondii (all stages)<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Diagnosis of coccidian diarrhea<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Diagnosis of other coccidian infections<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Diagnosis of ciliated parasites<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Field survey<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"545\">Uncommon presentation of protozoan parasites (visual presentation)<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Arora D.R., Arora B.B. (2014). Medical parasitology. 4<sup>th<\/sup> New Delhi: CBS publishers &amp; distributors.<\/li>\n<li>Day N.C., Dey T.K., Dey S.M. (2010). Medical parasitology. 11<sup>th<\/sup> London: New central book agency (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>John D.T., Petrr W.A. (2006). Markell and Voge\u2019s medical parasitology. 9<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609476\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610272\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610831\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610937\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611494\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611859\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700981\"><\/a>Course title: Body fluid analysis<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>FLD362<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours<\/strong>: 3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester<\/strong>: (6)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration<\/strong>: 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The course covers the routine laboratory investigations. It enables the students to perform analysis of body fluids including blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, sputum, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid, ascitic fluid, and hydrocele fluid, and semen.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Course objectives: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identify the principles of different methods applied for body fluid analysis<\/li>\n<li>Perform laboratory procedures concerning with body fluid analysis<\/li>\n<li>Interpret results of body fluid analysis tests<\/li>\n<li>Recognize pathological conditions associated with abnormalities of body fluids<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practicals<\/li>\n<li>Audio-visual presentations<\/li>\n<li>Group discussions<\/li>\n<li>Tutorial<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluations:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theoretical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Introduction to body fluid analysis<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Urine examination-1<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Urine examination-2<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Stool examination-1<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Stool examination-2<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Sputum<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Routine investigations-1<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Routine investigations-2<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">CSF analysis-1<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">CSF analysis&#8211;2<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Pleural fluid<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Pericardial fluid<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Ascitic and hydrocele fluid<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Semen analysis-1<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Semen analysis-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Practical<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Urine examination<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Urine examination<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Stool examination<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Stool examination<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Hemiparasites<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Routine investigations<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Routine investigations<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">CSF analysis<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">CSF analysis<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Pleural fluid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Pericardial fluid<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Ascitic and hydrocele fluid<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Semen analysis<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Semen analysis<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bain B.J., Bates I., Laffan M.A. (2016). Dacie and Lewis practical Haematology, 12<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Cheesbrough, M. Distinct Laboratory Manual IN tropical countries. (2008). Revised 2<sup>nd <\/sup> Cambridge: Cambridge University press.<\/li>\n<li>Pagana K.D., Pagana T.J. Mosby\u2019s manual of diagnostic and laboratory tests. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier.<\/li>\n<li>Sood R. (2015). Concise book of medical laboratory technology: methods and interpretations. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> London: The health sciences publisher.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Course title: <\/strong>Enzymology, Endocrinology<strong>, <\/strong>and Toxicology<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>CLN363<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(6)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the pathological conditions related to body enzymes and hormonal system. It also covers the effect of toxic chemicals and drugs on body system and monitoring methods.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Describe the nature of enzymes and definitions of terms related to enzymology (Co-enzymes, Co-factors, activators, and inhibitors).<\/li>\n<li>Describe the structure of the enzyme and the function of active and allosteric site of the enzyme.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the factors affecting enzymatic reaction.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the basic facts of clinical enzymology.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the uses of enzymes as diagnostic tools.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the chemical makeup of specific hormones, nature, classification, mode of action and method of analysis.<\/li>\n<li>Differentiate between primary and secondary hormonal disorders in terms of causes.<\/li>\n<li>Correlate patient endocrine test results with clinical pathology<\/li>\n<li>Discuss thyroid disorders<\/li>\n<li>Know the laboratory diagnosis of thyroid disorders<\/li>\n<li>Discuss adrenal gland disorders.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the laboratory investigations of hyper and hypo adrenalism.<\/li>\n<li>Define vitamins and their role in the body.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the basics of toxicology.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the toxicity of carbon monoxide, cyanide, acetaminophen, and acetyl salicylic acid.<\/li>\n<li>Measure CO and acetyl salicylic in blood sample.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities : 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Introduction to Enzymology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of enzyme, co-factor, coenzyme, activators, and inhibitors<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Enzyme structure and factors affect enzymatic reaction.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Methods used to measure enzymatic activity<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Units of enzymes measurement<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Clinical enzymology<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Location of enzymes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Liver enzymes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Muscle enzymes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Clinical Enzymology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cardiac enzymes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bone enzymes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Use of enzymes as diagnostic tools, reagents and enzyme immunoassay methods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Endocrinology:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of hormone, types of hormones, and\u00a0 hormonal action<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Regulation of hormones<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types and causes of endocrine disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Hypothalamus and Pituitary<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hypothalamic pituitary axis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Functions of pituitary hormones<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disorders of G.H secretion<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Thyroid gland<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Functions and regulation of thyroid hormones<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hyperthyroidism &amp; Hypothyroidism<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory investigation of thyroid disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Adrenal Gland (Adrenal cortex)<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Functions and regulation of adrenal hormones<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disorders of adrenal cortex (Hypoadrenalism &amp; Hyperadrenalism)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory investigations of adrenal cortex disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Adrenal Gland (Adrenal medulla):<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Functions and regulation of catecholamine&#8217;s<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disorders of catecholamine&#8217;s secretion<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory investigations of adrenal medulla disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Vitamins (Fat-soluble vitamins)<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Functions of vitamins<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fat-soluble vitamins<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Daily requirement and diseases related to fat-soluble vitamin deficiency<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Vitamins (water-soluble vitamins)<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Water-soluble vitamins<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Daily requirement and diseases related to fat-soluble vitamin deficiency<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Methods used to measure vitamins in serum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Toxicology-1:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction to toxicology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chemicals causing tissue hypoxia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Toxicity of heavy metals<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory investigation of certain chemicals (CO &amp; CN)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Toxicology-2:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Toxicity of therapeutic drugs<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Antibiotics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Quality control-1:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction to Q.C and Definitions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pre-analtyical, analytical, and post \u2013analytical precautions for clinical chemistry investigations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Quality control-2:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Calculations of mean, SD, CV and their uses in Q.C<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Levy -Jennings chart<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Operation of spectrophotometer (Kinetic Vs Endpoint)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Case study: liver enzyme- viral hepatitis)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Case study: cardiac enzymes- acute myocardial infarction)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Case study: muscle enzymes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Case study: thyroid disorder -hyperthyroidism.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Case study: thyroid disorder\u2013hypothyroidism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Case study: Cushing&#8217;s disease<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Case study: Addison disease<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Case study: vitamin deficiency<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Case study: hyper vitaminosis D<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Principles of toxicity screening<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Case study: alcohol toxicity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Case study: aspirin toxicity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Standard curve<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Levy \u2013Jennings\u00a0 chart<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>References<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Campbell P.N., Smith A.D., Peters T.J. (2005) Biochemistry illustrated. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Crook M.A. (2006). ZILVA clinical chemistry and metabolic medicine. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Hodder Arnold.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Bangert S.K. (2008). Clinical chemistry. 6<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Lapsley M., Day A.P., Ayling R.M. (2014). Clinical biochemistry: metabolic and clinical aspects. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609478\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610274\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610833\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610939\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611496\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611861\"><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc114700982\"><\/a>Course title: Genetics<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>GEN364<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(6)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the inheritance patterns, structure of chromosome and nucleic acids, gene expression, quantitative and qualitative chromosomal variations, genetics analysis in individuals and population, the genetics techniques, and the medical ethics in genetics analysis.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc112609479\"><\/a><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc112609480\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610275\"><\/a>By the end of the course the student will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Describe the different patterns of inheritance.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the basic anatomy and organization of human chromosomes.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the structure of chromosome<\/li>\n<li>Identify the basic nomenclature used to describe chromosomal aberrations.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the structure of nucleic acids and the process of gene expression<\/li>\n<li>Apply the techniques used to visualize chromosomes and FISH.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the major clinical consequences of chromosomal disorders.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the genetic base of human cancer.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the medical ethics of genetics analysis<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"623\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (1)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Introduction to genetics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (2)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Pattern of inheritance: Mandlian inheritance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (3)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Pattern of inheritance: non-Mandlian inheritance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (4)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Chromosome organization and molecular structure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (5)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Structure of nucleic acids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (6)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Gene expression<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (7)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Variations in chromosome numbers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (8)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Variations in chromosome structure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (9)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Genetic analysis of individuals and population: population genetics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (10)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Genetic analysis of individuals and population: genetics and cancer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (11)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Genetic analysis of individuals and population:\u00a0 quantitative genetics and evolutionary genetics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (12)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Genetics techniques: Karyotyping<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (13)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Genetics techniques: Fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (14)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">Genetics techniques: Recombinant DNA technology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">Week (15)<\/td>\n<td width=\"515\">\u00a0Ethics in medical genetics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"630\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Practical:<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week (1)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Orientation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week (2)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Tissue culture-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week (3)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Tissue culture-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week (4)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Tissue culture-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week (5)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">\u00a0Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week (6)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Cytogenetic analysis-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week (7)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Cytogenetic analysis-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week(8)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Cytogenetic analysis-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week(9)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Molecular cytogenetic techniques: FISH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week(10)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Molecular cytogenetic techniques: M-FISH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week(11)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Molecular cytogenetic techniques: CGH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week(12)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Molecular techniques: PCR<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week(13)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Molecular techniques: Microarray<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week(14)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Antenatal test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"78\">Week(15)<\/td>\n<td width=\"552\">Human cloning.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Brooker R.J (2012). Genetics: analysis and principles. 4<sup>th<\/sup> New York: Mc Grau Hill.<\/li>\n<li>Hawkins J.D. (2000), Gene structure and expression. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Cambridge: Cambridge university press.<\/li>\n<li>Starr C, Taggart R, Evers C, Starr L (2013). 13<sup>th<\/sup> Cell biology and genetics: the unity and diversity of life. New York: cengage learning<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609481\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610276\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610834\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610940\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611497\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611862\"><\/a><\/h2>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc114700983\"><\/a>Course title: Immunohaematology &amp; Haemostasis<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: HEM365<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester:<\/strong> (6)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration: <\/strong>15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the antigen-antibody reactions related to blood cells. It provides students with basic information about blood group systems, donor selection, blood components, and adverse transfusion reactions. In addition, it covers normal mechanisms and pathology of haemostatis.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Define immunity and describe types of immunity.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the structure and function of antigen and antibody.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the complement system pathways.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the types of antigen antibody reactions and factors influencing antigen antibody reactions.<\/li>\n<li>Describe ABO blood group system antigen and antibodies and discuss their clinical significance.<\/li>\n<li>Perform direct and indirect ABO grouping.<\/li>\n<li>Determine ABO phenotype and possible genotypes .<\/li>\n<li>Identify causes of ABO discrepancies.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the nomenclature, theories of inheritance, genotype and phenotype of the Rhesus blood group system.<\/li>\n<li>Perform Rhesus phenotyping and genotyping as well as D<sup>U<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Identify the applications and methodologies of the serological techniques including Saline, Antihuman globulin, Albumin and enzyme techniques.<\/li>\n<li>Numerate donor selection criteria.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the anticoagulants used in blood bank.<\/li>\n<li>Describe preparation, storage and indications of blood components.<\/li>\n<li>Describe preparation, storage and indications of plasma component and products.<\/li>\n<li>Perform cross matching and interpret the result.<\/li>\n<li>Perform and understand the aim, principle, procedure of antibody screening, identification, titration and elution and interpret the result.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss immunological and non-immunological adverse transfusion reactions.<\/li>\n<li>Define haemolytic disease of newborn (HDN) and describe their causes, pathophysiology, and diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and human platelet antigens (HPA).<\/li>\n<li>Identify the applications and methodologies of the tissue typing technique.<\/li>\n<li>Describe and apply the quality control procedures used in blood bank.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instructional methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Introduction to Immunohaematology:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of Immunohaematology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition and types of immunity<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antigen<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antibody<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Complement<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Antigen antibody reactions:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types of antigen antibody reactions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Factors influencing antigen antibody reactions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>ABO blood group system:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ABO antigens<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Genetic and formation of ABO antigens<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Subgroups<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ABO antibodies<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical significance of ABO antibodies<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ABO grouping<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Rhesus blood group system:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nomenclature<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antigens<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Theories of inheritance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Genotypes and phenotypes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D variants<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antibodies<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical significance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rh grouping and D<sup>u <\/sup>method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Other blood group systems (antigens, antibodies and clinical significance):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kell blood group system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kidd blood group system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Duffy blood group system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lewis blood group system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lutheran blood group system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 MNSs blood group system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 P blood group system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Serological techniques:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Saline techniques<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Antihuman globulin techniques<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Albumin technique<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Enzyme technique<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Donor selection and pre-transfusion tests<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Donor selection criteria<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Phlebotomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anticoagulants used in blood bank and blood storage<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Compatibility testing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Blood components (preparation, storage and indications)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Whole blood<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Packed red blood cells<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Platelet concentrate<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Fresh frozen plasma<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cryoprecipitate<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Coagulation factors concentrates<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Adverse transfusion reactions:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Immunological reactions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Non-immunological reactions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Haemolytic disease of newborn (HDN):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prophylaxis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Primary haemostasis<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Blood vessels<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Platelets<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Secondary haemostasis<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Coagulation system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fibrinolytic system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Platelet disorders:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Quantitative disorders<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Qualitative disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Hemophilia and von Willebrand disease:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inheritance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\"><strong>Thrombophilia:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Acquired thrombophilia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hereditary thrombophilia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anticoagulant therapy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Orientation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Antigen antibody reactions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Direct ABO grouping<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Indirect ABO grouping<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Rhesus grouping and D<sup>u <\/sup>method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Rhesus phenotyping and genotyping<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Albumin technique<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Direct and Indirect Coombs\u2019 test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Cross matching<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Antibody screening and identification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Antibody titration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Bleeding time and clotting time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Prothrombin time and INR<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Activated partial thromboplastin time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\">Thrombin time and Fibrinogen level<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Bain B.J., Bates I., Laffan M.A. (2016). Dacie and Lewis practical Haematology, 12<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Daniels G. Human blood groups. (2002). 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Oxford: Blackwell science Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Hillyer C.D., Siberstein L., Ness P.M. Anderson K.C., Roback J.D. (2009). Blood banking and transfusion medicine: basic principles and practice. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New Delhi: Elsevier Inc.<\/li>\n<li>Hillier C.D., Silberstein L.., Ness P.M., Anderson K.C., Roush K.S. (2003). Blood banking and transfusion medicine: basic principles and practice. 1<sup>st<\/sup> Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609482\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610277\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610835\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610941\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611498\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611863\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700984\"><\/a>Course Title: Medical virology &amp; mycology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course<\/strong> <strong>code<\/strong>: MCR366<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(6)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration<\/strong>: 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides the students with broad information about general properties and replication of viruses, epidemiology &amp; immunity in viral infection, also this course gives the student information about general feature of fungi, fungal cell structure, classification &amp; general reproduction, laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections (mycosis).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, students will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identify general properties of viruses.<\/li>\n<li>Describe morphology, classification &amp; replicative cycle of viruses.<\/li>\n<li>Practice how to collect, transport and store clinical specimens, and how to recognize the infecting viruses in this specimen.<\/li>\n<li>Perform different methods applied in laboratory diagnosis of viral infections (HIV and Hepatitis).<\/li>\n<li>Describe different properties, classification, and structure of medical fungi.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize different types of diseases caused by pathogenic fungi (mycoses) (superficial, cutaneous, subcutaneous, systemic and opportunistic mycoses).<\/li>\n<li>Discuss pathogenesis, mode of transmission, laboratory diagnosis and treatment of commonly distributed and medical important pathogens.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">\n<h6>History of virology<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">\n<h6>General properties, structure, and classification of viruses<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Pathogenesis of medical viruses and viral replication<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Laboratory diagnosis strategies of viral infections<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Medical important RNA viruses 1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Medical important RNA viruses 2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Medical important DNA viruses 1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Medical important DNA viruses 2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Hepatitis viruses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">HIV virus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Introduction to medical mycology.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Laboratory diagnosis of fungal disease (conventional and molecular methods)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Cutaneous mycosis (Ringworm fungi), and Superficial mycoses (Malassezia furfur)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Systemic mycosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Opportunistic mycosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"638\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Introduction to laboratory diagnosis of viral Infections.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Serological Methods (Classical Methods): Neutralization, Hemagglutination and Complement fixation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Serological Methods: Immunochromatography test.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Serological Methods: Immunofluorescent test.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Serological Methods: ELISA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Audio-visual demonstration: Molecular Methods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Viral nucleic acid extraction.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Polymerase chain reaction (PCR).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Virus Isolation-1: Cell culture preparation, and inoculation)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Virus isolation-2: CPE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Audio-visual demonstration- Fungi structure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Collection of clinical specimens for fungal diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Laboratory diagnosis of superficial mycosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Laboratory diagnosis of cutaneous mycosis: specimens&#8217; collection and microscopical examination<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"542\">Laboratory diagnosis of cutaneous mycosis: culture and identification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Arora D.R., Arora B.B. (2014). Medical mycology. 1<sup>st <\/sup> New Delhi: CBS publishers and distributors Pvt Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Brook G. F., Butel J., Ornston L., Jawetz E., Melnick J., Adelberg E. (2007). Medical Microbiology. 20<sup>th<\/sup> California: Appleton and long.<\/li>\n<li>Dimmock N.J., Easton A.J., Leppard K.N. (2001). Introduction to modern virology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> London: Blackwell science.<\/li>\n<li>Wanger E.K. Hewlett M.J. (1999). Basic virology. 1<sup>st<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell publishing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609483\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610278\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610836\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610942\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611499\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611864\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700985\"><\/a>Course title: Tissue staining techniques-2<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: HST367<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(6)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration<\/strong>: 15 weeks<\/p>\n<table width=\"673\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"673\"><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course provides the students with the basic knowledge of the different methods of demonstration of connective tissue, pigments, and neuroendocrine systems.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, the student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Deal with, and select special procedures applied to differential diagnosis (special stains)<\/li>\n<li>Perform applications, uses and quality control of different special staining procedures used to demonstrate specific materials and structures in histological sections.<\/li>\n<li>Acquire skills and performing all procedures of tissue processing including fixation, decalcification, electron microscope, routine staining (H and E) and special stain for demonstration of different materials in tissues.<\/li>\n<li>Acquire skills and performing all procedures of special stain for demonstration of different materials in tissues.<\/li>\n<li>Provide the components and types of connective tissue and the different methods that used for demonstration of connective tissue fibers, and diagnostic application of connective tissue fibres.<\/li>\n<li>Discus the types of pigments and minerals (classification, methods of demonstration of endogenous and exogenous pigments, and the techniques used to remove the artifacts pigments).<\/li>\n<li>Perform and discus the components of APUD system and the different methods used for demonstration of neuroendocrine cells.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminar<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents: <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"616\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>Connective tissues: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Functions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Components<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>Collagen fibers:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Formation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Methods of demonstration (trichrome stains, and Heidenhain\u2019s stain)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Applications in pathology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>Elastic fibers: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Formation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Methods of demonstration. (Verhoff\u2019s Haematoxylin, Orcein methos, Weigert\u2019s resorcin- fuchsin method, and aldehyde fuchsin method)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Applications in pathology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 4<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>R<\/strong><strong>eticular<\/strong><strong> fibers: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Formation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Diagnostic applications of the fibers<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Methods of demonstration (silver impregnation technique: Gordon and Sweets\u2019 method, and Gomori method)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Applications in pathology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 5<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>Tutorial: <\/strong>connective tissues<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>Pigments and minerals:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Haematogenous pigment:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 biological significance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 methods of demonstration<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathological applications)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>Non-hematogenous endogenous pigments and Endogenous minerals:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biological significance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Method of demonstration<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathological applications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 8<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Artifacts pigments:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Method of demonstration<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathological applications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Exogenous pigments:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Method of demonstration<\/p>\n<p>Pathological applications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 10<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>Tutorial<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> pigments and minerals<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 11<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>Neuroendocrine system:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Characteristics of neuroendocrine cells<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Morphology of cell<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 12<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>Distribution and function of regulatory peptides:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anterior pituitary cells<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pancreatic endocrine system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thyroid gland<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gastrointestinal tract<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lungs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 13<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>Pathological conditions associated with neuroendocrine system<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 14<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><strong>Techniques for the demonstration of neuroendocrine cells<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"82\"><strong>Week 15<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"536\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"2\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"534\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Haematoxylin and eosin (wiegerts haematoxylin)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Vangieson technique for collagen fiber<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Masson trichrome for collagen fiber<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 4<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Verhoeff&#8217;s haematoxylin for elastic fiber<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 5<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Gordon &amp; Sweet&#8217;s for reticular fiber<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Perl&#8217;s Prussian blue for Haemosidrin pigment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Modified fouchet technique for liver bile<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 8<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Schmorl&#8217;s reaction for Melanin pigment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Masson Fontana for melanin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 10<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 11<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Ferrous iron uptake for melanin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 12<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Von kossa for calcium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 13<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Silver technique for neuroendocrine cells<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 14<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">PAS for neuroendocrine cells<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"80\"><strong>Week 15<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">\u00a0 Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prasad S.R. (2011). Practical histology for medical students. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Suvarna K., Layton C., Bancrofti J.D. (2012). Bancrofti\u2019s Theory and practice of histological techniques. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Churchill Livingstone.<\/li>\n<li>Young B. Stewart W., O\u2019Dowd G. (2009). Wheather\u2019s basic pathology: a text, atlas, and review of histopathology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> London: Chuchill Lvingstone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc112609484\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610279\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610837\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610943\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611500\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611865\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700986\"><\/a>SEMESTER SEVEN<\/h1>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609485\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610280\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610838\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610944\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611501\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611866\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700987\"><\/a>Course tile: Systemic Microbiology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>MCR471<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>4(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration: <\/strong>15 weeks.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course covers the etiology and pathophysiological mechanism of infectious diseases, as well as, the protocols of clinical specimens&#8217; collection and the techniques applied for diagnosing pathogenic micro-organisms.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives and learning outcomes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, the student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identify the micro-organisms causes infections of various body systems<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the etiology and pathogenesis of systemic infections<\/li>\n<li>Master laboratory techniques applied for diagnosis of bacterial infections.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>Practice how to Isolate pathogenic agents from urine stool, sputum, and wound, CSF and blood specimens<\/li>\n<li>Practice how to diagnose throat, ear, and eye infections<\/li>\n<li>Perform bacterial examination of water, food and milk<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instructional Methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Evaluation:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 45%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents<\/u><\/strong>:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Urinary tract infections<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Sexually transmitted infections-I: Gonorrhea, Vaginitis, and Candidiasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Sexually transmitted infections-II: Chlamydia, Syphilis, and Chanchroid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Gastrointestinal tract infections-I: Diarrhea with mucus and Blood<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Gastrointestinal tract infections I: Watery diarrhea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Upper respiratory tract infections: Sore throat and tonsillitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Lower respiratory tract infections: Pneumonia and bronchitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">CNS infections-I: Meningitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">CNS infections-I: Encephalitis and brain abscess<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Ear infections and sinusitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Eye infections<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Skin and wound infections<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Bacteraemia and septicaemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Bacterial food poisoning: Effective and toxic food poisoning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of unknown specimen.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infection<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections (gonorrhea, vaginitis, candidiasis)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, syphilis, chancroid)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of bloody diarrhea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of watery diarrhea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of sore throat and tonsillitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of pneumonia and bronchitis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of meningitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of encephalitis and brain abscess<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of otitis media and sinusitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of conjunctivitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of wound infections<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of bacteremia and septicaemia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Examination of food and water<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Brook G. F., Betel J., Ornston L., Jawetz E., Melnick J., Adelberg E. (2007). Medical Microbiology. 20<sup>th<\/sup> California: Appleton and long.<\/li>\n<li>Cheesbrough, M. Distinct Laboratory Manual IN tropical countries. (2008). Revised 2<sup>nd <\/sup> Cambridge: Cambridge University press.<\/li>\n<li>Collee G., Marmion B. P., Fraser A. G.; Simmons A. (2007). Mackie and McCarteny Practical Medical Microbiology. 14<sup>th<\/sup> edition. New York: Elsevier science.<\/li>\n<li>Sastry A.S., Sandhya Bhat K. (2014). Review of microbiology and immunology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609486\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610281\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610839\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610945\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611502\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611867\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700988\"><\/a>Course title: Advanced medical mycology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course<\/strong> <strong>code:<\/strong> MCR472<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration<\/strong>: 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course provides the student with information about the general features of fungi, fungal cell structure, classification and general reproduction, laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections (mycosis). It also covers types of mycosis, its causative agents, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and treatments.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, the student will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Describe different properties, classification, and structure of fungi.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize different types of diseases caused by pathogenic fungi including superficial, cutaneous, subcutaneous, systemic and opportunistic mycosis.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss pathogenesis, mode of transmission, laboratory diagnosis and treatment of commonly distributed and medically important fungi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>Perform various technical methods applied for the diagnosis of fungal infections.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practicals<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Introduction to medical mycology (Fungi definition, structure and classification)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Physiology of fungi, genetics, pathogenicity, toxin production and allergies<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Laboratory diagnosis of fungal disease: conventional and molecular methods.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Cutaneous mycosis<strong>: <\/strong>Ringworm fungi-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Cutaneous mycosis<strong>: <\/strong>Ringworm fungi-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Superficial mycosis: Malassezia furfur and Fungi causes Piedra<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Opportunistic mycosis: Fungi causes candidiasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Opportunistic mycosis: Fungi causes aspergillosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Opportunistic mycosis: Cryptococcosis and Zygomycosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Subcutaneous mycosis: Fungi that cause mycetoma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Subcutaneous mycosis: Fungi that cause Chromomycosis and sporotrichosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Systemic mycosis: Fungi causes Histoplasmosis and Blastomycosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Systemic mycosis: Fungi causes Coccidioidomycosis and para-coccidioidomycosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Anti-fungal therapy: Types, Mechanism of action, Sensitivity testing, and resistance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Tutorial.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Collection of clinical specimens for fungal diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Microscopic examination of fungi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Serological assays of medical fungi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Fungi culture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Susceptibility testing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of superficial mycosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Cutaneous mycosis: specimens collection and microscopical examination)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Cutaneous mycosis: culture and identification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of sporotrichosis and chromoblastomycosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of mycetoma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of dimorphic mycosis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of Candidiasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of Cryptococcosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of mucormycosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of asperigellosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Arora D.R., Arora B.B. (2014). Medical mycology. 1<sup>st <\/sup> New Delhi: CBS publishers and distributors Pvt Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Brook G. F., Betel J., Ornston L., Jawetz E., Melnick J., Adelberg E. (2007). Medical Microbiology. 20<sup>th<\/sup> California: Appleton and long.<\/li>\n<li>Sastry A.S., Sandhya Bhat K. (2014). Review of microbiology and immunology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609487\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610282\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610840\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610946\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611503\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611868\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700989\"><\/a>Course title: Clinical Parasitology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>PRA471<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 4(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester:<\/strong> (7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course demonstrates adequate and detailed knowledge about clinical parasitology, it covers the pathogenesis, pathology, clinical presentations, complications, diagnosis, and prognosis, as well as epidemiology and control of the prescribed parasitic infections, as well as, administration and pharmacokinetic of drugs used for treatment of parasitic infections.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives and learning outcomes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By completion of this course student will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Describe pathogenesis of different parasitological diseases<\/li>\n<li>Numerate clinical presentations of common protozoa and worms&#8217; infections<\/li>\n<li>Discuss complications of parasitic infections<\/li>\n<li>Identify drugs used for treatment of parasitic infections<\/li>\n<li>Discuss methods of parasitic infections control<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"595\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">General concepts of parasite pathogenesis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Malaria I: Classical disease<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Malaria II: Complicated malaria<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Coetaneous Leishmaniasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Visceral Leishmaniasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Toxoplasmosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Intestinal protozoa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">African and American Trypanosomiasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Schistosomiasis I: Intestinal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Schistosomiasis II: Urinary<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Intestinal nematodes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Nematodes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Onchocerciasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Tapeworms<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Intestinal and liver flukes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table width=\"595\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"595\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Quality control in parasitology laboratory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Quantifying malaria parasite<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Leishmaniasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Coccidian diarrhea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Intestinal protozoa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Tapeworms<\/p>\n<p>Identification methods of proglottids<\/p>\n<p>Preserving and transporting adult<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Intestinal and liver flukes<\/p>\n<p>Formal ether concentration method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of intestinal Schistosomiasis: Kato thick smear &amp; Hatching techniques<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of urinary Schistosomiasis: filtration method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of intestinal nematodes: Stoll egg counting method, McMaster slide counting method, and Larva detection methods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Floatation methods and stool egg counting method (McMaster slide counting method)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Lymphatic filariasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Onchocerciasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Examination of environmental subjects: Soil, Water, plants.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Arora D.R., Arora B.B. (2014). Medical parasitology. 4<sup>th<\/sup> New Delhi: CBS publishers &amp; distributors.<\/li>\n<li>Day N.C., Dey T.K., Dey S.M. (2010). Medical parasitology. 11<sup>th<\/sup> London: New central book agency (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Spicer W.J. (2000). Clinical bacteriology, mycology, and parasitology: an illustrated colour text. London: Churchill Livingstone.<\/li>\n<li>Zeibig E. (2013). Clinical Parasitology. 2<sup>nd <\/sup> Canada: Elsevier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609488\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610283\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610841\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610947\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611504\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611869\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700990\"><\/a>Course title: Medical Entomology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: PRA472<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides the student with intensive information about insects and Arthropods taxonomy, classification, morphology, medical importance, laboratory identification and control.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Demonstrate adequate knowledge about the scope of medical entomology.<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrate adequate knowledge about the biological properties, route of transmission, and control of different insects and arthropods.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the characteristics, classification, development, and the morphology of insects and arthropods.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the various stages of different medical important insects and arthropods.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the role of different insects and arthropods in the causation of human diseases<\/li>\n<li>Identify the modes of disease transmission<\/li>\n<li>Apply the measures adopted for control and eradication of medically important insects and arthropods.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition and scope of medical Entomology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disease transmission<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification and characteristics of arthropods<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Arthropod development<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 External morphology of insects<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Internal structure of insect<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">Order Diptera, &#8211; Suborder nematocera<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">Family Culicidae- Mosquitoes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Life cycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical importance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory identification<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">Control of mosquitoes<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">Family Psychodidae\u2013 Sand fly<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical importance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory identification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">Family Simuliidae- Black fly, Family Ceratopogonidae<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical importance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory identification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">Family Tabanidae- Horse fly,Family Chrysopidae- Deer fly<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical importance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory identification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">Family Muscidae \u2013 House fly, Family Glossinidae<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical importance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory identification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">Family calliphridae, Family Oestridae,Mayiasis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical importance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory identification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">Order Siphonaptera- Flaes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical importance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory identification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">Order Anopliura \u2013 Lice ,Order Hemiptera\u2013 Ticks<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical importance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory identification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"522\">Class Arachnida acarini\u2013 Mites<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taxonomy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lifecycle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medical importance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory identification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"624\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"624\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Classification and general properties of arthropods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Morphology of insects<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Entomology methods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Collection and preservation of arthropods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Mosquitoes \u2013 Anophelinie\u00a0 Demonstration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Mosquitoes- Culicine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Insectsides<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Sand fly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Black fly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Horse fly- Crysops<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">House fly, Tsetse fly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Mayasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Flea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Lice, mite &amp; Ticks<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"522\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Eldridge B.F., Edman J. (2003). Medical entomology: a textbook on public health and veterinary problems caused by Arthropods. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> illustrated revised edition. Springer science and business media.<\/li>\n<li>Mullen G., Durden L. (2002). Medical and veterinary Entomology. 1<sup>st<\/sup> USA: Academic press<\/li>\n<li>Service M. (2012). Medical entomology. 1<sup>st<\/sup> New York: Cambrige University press<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609489\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610284\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610842\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610948\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611505\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611870\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700991\"><\/a>Course title: Advanced chemical pathology (1)<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>CLN471<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 4(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester:<\/strong> (7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism in health and disease and the role of the Laboratory in diagnosis and management of their disorders. This course also demonstrates adequate and detailed knowledge about renal disorders, clinical significance of non-protein nitrogen, liver disease, and proteins metabolism and disorder. In addition, this course provides a detailed knowledge about Calcium, magnesium and phosphorus homeostasis and disorders, fluids and electrolytes distribution, pathological aspects of intestinal function, assessment of acid- base homeostasis, blood gases and lung disease, and cardiovascular biomarkers.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By completion of this course, student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Discuss pathophysiology of carbohydrate metabolic disorders as well as protein and lipid disorders<\/li>\n<li>Identify body distribution of calcium magnesium and phosphorus and describe homeostatic disorders<\/li>\n<li>Discuss pathophysiology of renal, liver, respiratory, and cardiac disorders<\/li>\n<li>Describe water and electrolytes regulation<\/li>\n<li>Discuss principles of\/ and perform body fluids analysis methods<\/li>\n<li>Perform laboratory procedures apply in chemical pathology laboratory<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"619\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Carbohydrate metabolism and fuel homeostasis: Pathophysiology and role of the laboratory in diagnosis and management of CHO disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Calcium magnesium and phosphorus: Distribution in the body, homeostasis, and disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0lipids and lipoproteins: Metabolism and Disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Non-protein nitrogen (NPN)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Protein metabolism and disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Renal disorders: Pathophysiology and laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">liver disorders: Biochemical changes in liver disease<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Clinico-pathologic aspects of intestinal function<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Water &amp; Electrolytes: Regulation and anion gap<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Assessing Acid base homeostasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Blood gases and pH.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Assessment of cardiac disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Respiratory disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Body fluid analysis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"619\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Glycated Hemoglobin Estimation and abnormal GTT curves<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Calcium magnesium &amp; phosphorus &#8220;Case Study&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Estimation of HDL and LDL cholesterol, and lipids &amp; lipoprotein disorders &#8220;case study&#8221;.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Calculation of BUN and Urea, Creatinine ratio.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Estimation of Ammonia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Protein Electrophoresis and disorders &#8220;case study&#8221;.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Renal disorders &#8220;case study&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">liver disorders &#8220;case study&#8221;.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0GIT disorders: Breath tests and Occult blood fecal test.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Fractional excretion of sodium (FENa)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Lactate Estimation, Acidosis and Alkalosis &#8220;case study&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">Buffer making and pH estimation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Cardiac Markers estimation and &#8220;case study&#8221;.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Respiratory disorders &#8220;case study&#8221;,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"516\">\u00a0Tutorial.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Crook M.A. (2006). ZILVA clinical chemistry and metabolic medicine. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Hodder Arnold.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Bangert S.K. (2008). Clinical chemistry. 6<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Lapsley M., Day A.P., Ayling R.M. (2014). Clinical biochemistry: metabolic and clinical aspects. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609490\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610285\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610843\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610949\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611506\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611871\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700992\"><\/a>Course title: Quality control in clinical chemistry<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>\u00a0CLN472<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course provides the students with detailed information about quality assurance and quality control applications in clinical chemistry laboratory.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of the course the student should be able:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Define quality assurance, quality control, and related terms<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the major facts, objectives and applications of quality assurance in clinical chemistry.<\/li>\n<li>Define accuracy, precision, standardization procedures, and internal and external quality control.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize types of biological variations related to interpretation of laboratory results in clinical chemistry<\/li>\n<li>Identify technical sources of errors in clinical chemistry laboratory<\/li>\n<li>Select and evaluate laboratory methods<\/li>\n<li>Apply quality control procedures related to chromatography, electrophoresis and automation.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss types, principles, applications, calibration, evaluation, and future of automated chemistry analyzers.<\/li>\n<li>Identify principle, types, uses, and quality control of immunoassays<\/li>\n<li>Describe in details the principle, production, significant, reliability, sensitivity, specificity, application and results interpretation of chromatography and electrophoresis technique<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instructional methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination : 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"642\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Quality assurance in clinical chemistry:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of terms<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Objectives of quality assurance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Quality assurance stages:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pre-analytical stage<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Analytical stage<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Post-analytical stage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Biological variations related to interpretation of analytical results.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Technical sources of variation:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pre-analytical variation.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Analytical variation.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Post-analytical variation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Types and causes of laboratory errors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Method selection and evaluation (1)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Precision study<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Method selection and evaluation (2)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Accuracy study.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Method selection and evaluation (3)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Analytical sensitivity and specificity.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Control material and control chart<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Internal and external quality control.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Standard operation procedure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Reference Values<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (13) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Quality control of automated clinical chemistry analyzers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Quality control of immunoassays<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"138\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"636\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"636\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Calibration of colorimeter (wavelength accuracy)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Calibration of colorimeter (photometer accuracy and baseline stability)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Calibration of automatic pipette.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Duplicate analysis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Replicate experiment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Recovery study<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Interference study<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Linearity check.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Comparison between methods.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Methods detection limit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Performance and calculation of reference value.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Levey Jennings chart<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Application 0f Westgard rules.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Cusum Chart<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"132\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"504\">Tutorial.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Crook M.A. (2006). ZILVA clinical chemistry and metabolic medicine. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Hodder Arnold.<\/li>\n<li>Gracia L.S. (2014). Clinical laboratory management. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Wasgington: American society of microbiology.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Bangert S.K. (2008). Clinical chemistry. 6<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Lapsley M., Day A.P., Ayling R.M. (2014). Clinical biochemistry: metabolic and clinical aspects. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609491\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610286\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610844\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610950\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611507\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611872\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700993\"><\/a>Course title: Red blood cell disorders<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>\u00a0HEM471<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 4(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester<\/strong>: (7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration: <\/strong>15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course provides the students with detailed information about definition, causes, pathogenesis, classification, clinical features, and laboratory diagnosis of red blood cells disorders, mainly anaemia and polycythemia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li>Define anaemia and identify causes, pathophysiology, clinical features, and laboratory diagnosis of anaemia<\/li>\n<li>Describe morphological and aetiologic classification of anaemia<\/li>\n<li>Discuss nutritional and physiological aspects of anaemia<\/li>\n<li>Describe the causes, pathophysiology, clinical feature and laboratory diagnosis of iron deficiency anaemia.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the principle of\/ and perform iron profile and bone marrow iron stain.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the causes of\/ and describe the pathophysiology, clinical features, and laboratory diagnosis of megaloblastic anaemia and pernicious anaemia.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the causes of macrocytic non-megaloblastic anaemia<\/li>\n<li>Differentiate between macrocytic megaloblastic and macrocytic non-megaloblastic anaemia.<\/li>\n<li>Define and classify haemolytic anaemia, and describe evidence and mechanisms of hemolysis.<\/li>\n<li>Numerate the haemolytic anaemia due to membrane defects and describe their causes, pathophysiology, clinical features and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Define haemoglobinopathy and describe its classification and the laboratory methods applied for haemoglobinopathy diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Define sickle cell anaemia and describe its inheritance pattern, pathophysiology, clinical feature and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Define thalassemia and describe its inheritance pattern, classification, pathophysiology, clinical feature and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Numerate haemoglobinopathy other than sickle cell anaemia and thalassemia and describe the basic structural defects causes them.<\/li>\n<li>Define G6PD deficiency anaemia and describe its inheritance pattern, pathophysiology, clinical feature and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Numerate the causes of acquired haemolytic anaemia.<\/li>\n<li>Define immune haemolytic anaemia and describe its classification, pathophysiology, clinical features and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Define paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and describe its pathophysiology, clinical feature and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the pathophysiology, clinical feature and laboratory diagnosis of anemia of chronic disease and anemia of blood loss.<\/li>\n<li>Define polycythemia and describe its classification, inheritance pattern, pathophysiology, clinical feature and the laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the principle of\/ and perform all routine and special haematological tests applied for diagnosis of erythrocyte disorders.<\/li>\n<li>Construct Levey- Jenning chart and interpret the results.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction to anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Physiological body adaptation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Iron deficiency anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Iron physiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of iron deficiency anaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Incidence<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Sideroblastic anaemia and lead intoxication:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Megaloblastic anaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Physiology of vitamin B12 and folate<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of megaloblastic anaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Pernicious anaemia and macrocytic non-megaloblastic anaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pernicious anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Differential diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Macrocytic- non megaloblastic anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Introduction to haemolytic anaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of haemolytic anaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mechanism of hemolysis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evidence of hemolysis<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Haemolytic anaemia due to membrane defects (hereditary spherocytosis, elliptocytosis and stomatocytosis)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inheritance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes and pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Introduction to haemoglobinopathies:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of haemoglobinopathies<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory methods used for diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Hb- electrophoresis<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Chromatography<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Sickle cell anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inheritance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Thalassemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and Pyruvate kinase deficiency anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inheritance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Immune haemolytic anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Allo-immune haemolytic anaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Drug-induced immune haemolytic anaemia<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">\u00a0Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria and acquired haemolytic anaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH):<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Other causes of acquired haemolytic anaemia<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Anaemia of chronic disease and anaemia of blood loss:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anaemia of chronic disease<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 treatment<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0 Anaemia of blood loss:<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 classification<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>o\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"495\">Polycythaemia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Differential diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Complete blood count: normal sample<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Complete blood count: microcytic hypochromic anaemia<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Iron profile (serum iron and serum ferritin)<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Iron profile (TIBC &amp;TS%)<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Bone marrow iron stain<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Complete blood count: megaloblastic anaemia<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Reticulocyte count<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Osmotic fragility test<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Haemoglobin electrophoresis<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Sickling test and Hb-S solubility test<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Hb-F estimation<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Methemoglobin reduction test<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Ham\u2019s test<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Complete blood count: aplastic anaemia<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"489\">Quality control: construction and interpretation of Levey-Jening chart<\/td>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Bain B.J., Bates I., Laffan M.A. (2016). Dacie and Lewis practical Haematology, 12<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Hoffbrand A.V., Moss P.H.A., Pettit J.E. (2006). Essential Haematology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell publishing Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Steine-Martin E.A., Lotspeich-Steininger C.A., Koepke J.A. (1998). Clinical Haematology: principles, procedures, correlation. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven publishers.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609492\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610287\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610845\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610951\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611508\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611873\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700994\"><\/a>Course title: Blood transfusion<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: HEM472<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the fundamentals of blood transfusion services establishment, donor selection, blood components preparation and uses, pre-transfusin testing and adverse transfusion reactions, as well as management and quality control applications in blood bank.<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc112609493\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610288\"><\/a><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, student will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identify how to establish blood transfusion service<\/li>\n<li>Numerate donor selection criteria.<\/li>\n<li>Apply venesection and describe the anticoagulants used in blood bank.<\/li>\n<li>Describe preparation, storage and indications of blood components.<\/li>\n<li>Describe preparation, storage and indications of plasma component and products.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principle of\/ and perform cross matching and interpret the result.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principle\/ and apply the procedures of antibody screening, identification, titration and elution and interpret the result.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss immunological and non-immunological adverse transfusion reactions.<\/li>\n<li>Describe and apply the quality control procedures used in blood bank.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course <\/u><\/strong><strong><u>contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Establishment of blood transfusion service<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Donor selection criteria<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Blood donation, anticoagulants, and storage<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Types of blood transfusion<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Pre-transfusion compatibility tests<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Screening of blood transmitted diseases<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Blood components: whole blood and red cell preparations<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Blood components: granulocytes and platelet concentrates<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Plasma components: fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Plasma products: albumin, fibrinogen, and coagulation factors concentrates<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Plasma substitutes<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Immunological adverse transfusion reactions<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Non- immunological adverse transfusion reactions<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Aphresis<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"486\">Blood bank management and quality assurance<\/td>\n<td width=\"106\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"631\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">ABO discrepancies<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Rhesus phenotyping and genotyping<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Serological techniques<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Compatibility testing: compatible donor<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Compatibility testing: incompatible blood<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Compatibility testing: recipient with history of blood transfusion or pregnant lady<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Compatibility testing: incompatibility due to autoantibody<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Compatibility testing: transfusion to neonates<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Preparation of blood components<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Screening of blood transmitted diseases<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Diagnosis of immediate haemolytic transfusion reactions<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">diagnosis of delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">diagnosis of non-haemolytic transfusion reactions<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Aphresis<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"528\">Quality control in blood bank<\/td>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Bain B.J., Bates I., Laffan M.A. (2016). Dacie and Lewis practical Haematology, 12<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Daniels G. Human blood groups. (2002). 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Oxford: Blackwell science Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Hillyer C.D., Siberstein L., Ness P.M. Anderson K.C., Roback J.D. (2009). Blood banking and transfusion medicine: basic principles and practice. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New Delhi: Elsevier Inc.<\/li>\n<li>Hillier C.D., Silberstein L.E., Ness P.M., Anderson K.C., Roush K.S. (2003). Blood banking and transfusion medicine: basic principles and practice. 1<sup>st<\/sup> Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609494\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610289\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610846\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610952\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611509\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611874\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700995\"><\/a>Course title: Advanced histopathological techniques<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>HST471<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>4(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course covers the different types of tumor markers and their applications in pathology in breast and lymphoma. The course will also cover the application of microwave technology in histology, special biopsies (kidney), ins itu hybridization and cover the aspects of different techniques for neuropathology.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course the student\u00a0 should be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Perform skills for all preparations of tissues and cells for microscopy<\/li>\n<li>Define the immunoflourescent, describe the techniques used, and the diagnostic applications of it.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the principle of immunofluorescent and the production and labeling of antisera.<\/li>\n<li>Identify and discuss the features and nature of bacteria and other micro-organisms.<\/li>\n<li>Perform the different methods used for demonstration of micro-organism in tissue sections(bacteria, mycobacterium, fungi, and viruses)<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the role of microwave technology in histology.<\/li>\n<li>Mention histological investigation of dementia<\/li>\n<li>Provide the principle and application of insitu hybridization and overview of insituhybridization<\/li>\n<li>Recognize and describe the different techniques for neuropathology<\/li>\n<li>Describe tissue microarray technique and its application in histpathology laboratory<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Evaluation : theory\u00a0 40%,\u00a0 practical50%, activities 10%<\/p>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Oral examination: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\"><strong>New and conventional methods for cells and tissue preparation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\"><strong>Cells and tissue preparation for special purposes in histopathology<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\"><strong>Immunoflourescence techniques:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Principle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fluorochrome dyes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Preservation of substrate<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\"><strong>Immunoflourescence techniques:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Conjugates<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Staining reactions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Diagnostic applications<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\"><strong>Histological demonstration of microorganisms:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition of microorganisms<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification of microorganisms<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\"><strong>Demonstration of bacteria:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gram stains<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Warthin and starry method for Spirochaetes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ziehl-Neelsen stain for tubercle bacilli<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Wade-Fite technique for leprosy bacilli<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Touldine blue for Helicobacter pylori<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Immunohistochemistry<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In-situ hybridization<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\"><strong>Identification of fungi: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Grocott hexamine silver<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Periodic acid \u00a0schiff\u2019s (PAS)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Immunohistochemistry<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In-situ hybridization<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\"><strong>Demonstration of Parasites:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Giemsa stain<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Immunohistochemistry<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In-situ hybridization<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\"><strong>Demonstration of viral inclusions and Rickettsia:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Macchavello\u2019s technique<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Phloxine \u2013tetrazine technique<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Immunohistochemistry<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In-situ hybridization<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\"><strong>\u00a0Application of microwave technology to histology:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Specification of laboratory grade microwave<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Steps of microwave technology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Effect of microwave technology on tissues<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Benefits of microwave on histo-technology<\/td>\n<td width=\"1\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\"><strong>Techniques in neuropathology:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anatomy, histology, and function of central nervous system<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cresyl violet Nissl stain<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Immunohistochemistry of neurons: cytoskeleton protein<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Immunohistochemistry of neurons: specific cytoplasmic proteins<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\"><strong>In-situ hybridization:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introduction<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Principle<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Methods (ISH, FISH, and C-ISH)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Applications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\"><strong>Technical aspects of in-situ hybridization methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Probe preparation, types, and labeling<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Probe concentration and length<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sample preparation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pre-hybridization and hybridization of the specimen<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Detection methods, control and influence of fixatives<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\"><strong>Tissue Microarray<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"525\"><strong>Tutorial <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong>Practical:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Methods of sample preparation reception and selection of histopathological samples<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Fixation, preparation of fixatives, and sample selection<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Decalcification and manual tissue processing (dehydration and clearing, impregnation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Tissue processing: embedding of tissues<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Microtome<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Haematoxylin and eosin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Demonstration of bacteria by using routine and special stain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Demonstration of fungi using routine and special stains<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Demonstration of viral inclusion bodies using routine and special stains<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Demonstration of protozoan using routine and special stains<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Demonstration of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using ZN stain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Demonstration of H. pylori using routine and special stains<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Demonstration the Neuroendocrine system cells using routine and special stains<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Demonstration the Neuroendocrine system using silver based stains<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Buchwalow I.B. Bocker W. (2010). Immunohistochemistry: basics and methods. 2010<sup>th<\/sup> London: Springer<\/li>\n<li><a name=\"_Toc112609495\"><\/a> Ramos-Vara, JA 2005. &#8220;Technical Aspects of Immunohistochemistry&#8221;.Vet Pathol 2005; 42(4): 405\u2013426.<\/li>\n<li>Suvarna K., Layton C., Bancrofti J.D. (2012). Bancrofti\u2019s Theory and practice of histological techniques. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Churchill Livingstone.<\/li>\n<li>Young B. Stewart W., O\u2019Dowd G. (2009). Wheather\u2019s basic pathology: a text, atlas, and review of histopathology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> London: Chuchill Lvingstone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609496\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610290\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610847\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610953\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611510\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611875\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700996\"><\/a>Course title: Diagnostic Cytology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: HST472<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the principles and practice aspects of diagnostic cytology in benign and malignant conditions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, the students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Describe the general and basic principles and practical aspects of diagnostic cytology<\/li>\n<li>Provide students with theoretical knowledge and practical skills to work in Cytopathology departments, research laboratory, and colleges.<\/li>\n<li>Describe methods of cytology specimen collection, preservation, fixation, and staining.<\/li>\n<li>Describe inflammatory condition and the common cause of inflammation in the female genital tracts(bacteria, parasites, and viruses)<\/li>\n<li>Describe of the components of a normal cervical smear, and to recognise epithelial cells derived from the ectocervix, endocervix and endometrium<\/li>\n<li>Recognize vaginal flora, and common contaminants in cervical smears, and to be familiar with basic smear patterns e.g., in puberty pregnancy and menopausal state<\/li>\n<li>Evaluate the adequacy of a smear and to be able to identify unsatisfactory smears<\/li>\n<li>Identify cytological presentation of acute non-specific cervicitis<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the cytological characteristics of squamous epithelial cells shared from a focus of CIN 1t(LSIL), CIN 2(HSIL), CIN 3(HSIL), and aware of the definition of ASCUS and the criteria for recognizing atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in cervical smears<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the main types of adenocarcinoma in the cervix and the histological presentation of adenocarcinoma (endocervical type).<\/li>\n<li>Practice the Principle of sampling and fixation in Cytology, and recognize different staining methods in Cytology, and to compare between different routine and special staining methods (cytocentrifugation, cell blocks ,\u2026. Etc)<\/li>\n<li>Discuss sampling methods, and recognize adequate smears, benign, and malignant conditions in respiratory cytopathology, effusion Cytopathology, and urine Cytopathology<\/li>\n<li>Apply Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) procedure, and recognize its role in diagnostic pathology for the diagnosis of different pathologic processes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instruction Methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lecture<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%,<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%,<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Introduction to cytology: specimen collection, fixation, and staining.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Normal cytology of the FGT: Gynecological benign cells of epithelial origin (endometrial and endocervical cells).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Gynecological Cytology: benign cells of non-epithelial origin and Cyclic Changes (Hormonal Cytology)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 4<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Gynecological Cytology: inflammatory conditions in female genital tract<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 5<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Gynecological Cytology: pre-malignant lesions of female genital tract (dysplasia and dyskaryosis)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Gynecological Cytology squamous intraepithelial lesions: atypical smear- malignant lesions of female genital tract (squamous carcinoma: carcinoma in-situ and invasive carcinoma)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Glandular Intraepithelial lesions: malignant lesions of female genital tract (adenocarcinoma) and cells of the ovarian surface and fallopian tube and their malignancies<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 8<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Cytological appearance of radiation, contraceptive pills and pernicious anemia, Reporting and Nomenclature, Cervical Cancer Screening<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 10<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Respiratory Tract Cytology and it is malignancies<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 11<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Urinary Tract Cytology and it is malignancies<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 12<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">GIT Cytology and it is malignancies<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 13<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Cytology of Body Fluids and Effusions(pleural, peritoneal and pericardium)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 14<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 15<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Introduction to cytology (application, stains, fixation) normal gynecological Smear.benign cells of epithelial origin endometrial and endocervical cells<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Haematoxylin and Eosin staining (Buccal smear for barr bodies)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Benign cells of non-epithelial origin: Romanowsky stain (Buccal smear)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 4<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Cytology of menstrual cycle: Hormonal influence in gynecological smear.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 5<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Inflammatory Gynecological Cytology (bacterial, parasitic and viral infections)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Premalignant lesions: Dyskaryosis in Gynecological Smears.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">squamous intraepithelial lesions malignant gynecological smear: cells of squamous carcinoma in-situ, invasive carcinoma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 8<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Glandular Intraepithelial lesions: adenocarcinoma and cells of the ovarian surface and fallopian tube and their malignancies, Screening 1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Cytological appearance of radiation, contraceptive pills and pernicious anemia. Screening 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 10<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Cytology of respiratory tract: Sputum Smears.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 11<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Pap Staining (urine sample) urine and CSF Smears.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 12<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Cytology of gastrointestinal tract: GIT Smears.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 13<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Normal and abnormal cells in body effusions<strong><em>: <\/em><\/strong>Body Effusions Smears.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 14<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Fine Needle Aspiration Smears.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"81\"><strong>Week 15<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dey P. (2014). Diagnostic cytology. 1<sup>st<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Suvarna K., Layton C., Bancrofti J.D. (2012). Bancrofti\u2019s Theory and practice of histological techniques. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Churchill Livingstone.<\/li>\n<li>Young B. Stewart W., O\u2019Dowd G. (2009). Wheather\u2019s basic pathology: a text, atlas, and review of histopathology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> London: Chuchill Lvingstone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609497\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610291\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610848\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610954\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611511\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611876\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700997\"><\/a>Course title: Research methodology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: RES474<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 2(2+0)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester:<\/strong> (7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the basics of research methodology, and teaches the student how to search literature, state research hypothesis, select study design, calculate sample size, design methodologies, and analyze data. By the end, the student will be capable to write research proposal, thesis and scientific paper.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>At the end of this course, the students will be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Describe research and various types of health research and the need for health research<\/li>\n<li>Develop searching skills<\/li>\n<li>Set research hypothesis and research objectives<\/li>\n<li>Search literature<\/li>\n<li>Describe research methods.<\/li>\n<li>Write study area, study population, study variables, and tools of data collection.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize sampling methods<\/li>\n<li>Calculate sample size<\/li>\n<li>Analyze research data<\/li>\n<li>Discuss research findings<\/li>\n<li>Estimate research budget<\/li>\n<li>Establish research schedule<\/li>\n<li>Write research proposal<\/li>\n<li>Write and cite references<\/li>\n<li>Write scientific paper<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 80%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Introduction to research<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Scientific method and data<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Problem selection<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Literature review<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Objective setting<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Study designs (Exploratory)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Study designs (Descriptive and Diagnostic)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Sampling techniques<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Data collection Methods (Primary Data &amp; Secondary Data)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Generalization and Interpretation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Proposal writing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Research report writing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Writing scientific paper<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>References:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Batavia M. (2001). Clinical research for health professionals. 1<sup>st<\/sup> Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann.<\/li>\n<li>Hulley S.B., Cummings S.R., Browner W.S., Girdy D., Hearts N., Newman T.B. (2001). Designing clinical research. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.<\/li>\n<li>Zeiger M. (2000). Essentials of writing scientific paper. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New York: McGraw Hill.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609498\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610292\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610849\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610955\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611512\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611877\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700998\"><\/a>Course title: Epidemiology and biomedical statistics<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>EPD475<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course introduces the students to the epidemiological methods and their applications in order to equip them with the knowledge and skills necessary for epidemiological research, principles of screening, investigation of an outbreak and public health in the global context<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of the course, the student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Define epidemiology as a basic science of preventive medicine and public health practice and outline the historical evolution of epidemiology<\/li>\n<li>Enlist the key features, uses, importance and scope of epidemiology<\/li>\n<li>Explain the measurements of disease morbidity and mortality<\/li>\n<li>Calculate and interpret morbidity and mortality indicators<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the main aspects of epidemiology of communicable diseases<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the main aspects of epidemiology of non-communicable diseases<\/li>\n<li>Define surveillance and enlist the uses of the surveillance system and describe the surveillance cycle, the characteristics of well-conducted surveillance system and the steps for implementation the surveillance system<\/li>\n<li>Describe the practical steps for investigation of an epidemic situation, draw and interpret the epidemic curve<\/li>\n<li>Define screening for diseases and describe measures used to evaluate a screening test<\/li>\n<li>Calculate and interpret sensitivity, specificity, predictive value of a positive test and predictive value of a negative test for screening test<\/li>\n<li>Discuss Epidemiological studies<\/li>\n<li>Describe statistics &amp; its role in modern health science<\/li>\n<li>Define variables &amp; describe different types<\/li>\n<li>Construct and use a frequency table<\/li>\n<li>Construct and use specific graphic representation of data including pie charts, histograms, frequency polygons and box plots.<\/li>\n<li>Calculate and interpret summary measures; range, interquartile range, mean, variance, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation.<\/li>\n<li>Calculate the confidence interval for a single or for a difference between two summary measures.<\/li>\n<li>Perform a significance test to compare various summary measures.<\/li>\n<li>Apply a chi-squared test.<\/li>\n<li>Explain the distinction between linear correlation and regression.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"617\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Introduction to Epidemiology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Health Indicators and measurements of disease morbidity and Mortality<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Epidemiology communicable and non-communicable diseases<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Disease Surveillance, outbreak investigation, and screening for Diseases<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Epidemiological studies<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Introduction to Biostatistics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Defining and Displaying Data-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Defining and Displaying Data-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Measures of central tendency and dispersion<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">The normal distribution<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Confidence interval for a mean\/proportion and its interpretation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Comparison of mean- confidence intervals, hypothesis test, and P-values-paired and un-paired data<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Analysis of proportions, understanding probability, risk and odds.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Chi-squared Analysis, linear regression and correlation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"509\">Sample size calculation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table width=\"618\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"618\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Orientation<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Tutorial: Measurements of disease morbidity and Mortality<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Tutorial: Disease Surveillance<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Tutorial: Outbreak Investigation<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Introduction to SPSS<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Defining and Displaying Data<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Descriptive statistics<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Measures of Dispersion<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Testing of normality<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Comparison of means:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 One sample t-test<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2- sample t-test<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Comparison of means:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Paired t-test<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ANOVA<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Probability and risk estimation<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Cross tabulation and Chi-squared Analysis<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Regression analysis<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"510\">Correlation analysis<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Armitage P., Berry G., Matthews J.N.S. (2002). Statistical methods in medical research. 4<sup>th<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell science.<\/li>\n<li>Fisher L.D., Belle G.V. (2004). Biostatistics: a methodology for the health sciences. 1<sup>st<\/sup> New Jercy: science paperback series.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Macera C.A., Sfhaffer R.A., Shaffer P.M. (2013). Introduction to epidemiology: distribution and determinants of disease in humans. New York: Delmar, Cengage learning.<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li>Rastogi V.B. (2015). Biostatistics. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> revised edition. New Delhi: Scientific international Pvt Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Merrill R.M. (c2013). Introduction to epidemiology. 6<sup>th<\/sup> Burlington: Jones &amp; Bartlett learning.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609499\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610293\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610850\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610956\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611513\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611878\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114700999\"><\/a>Course title: Advanced molecular biology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code:\u00a0 <\/strong>MLB476<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(7)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the molecular structures of nucleic acids, organization of human genome, regulation of gene expression, and molecular signal transduction; as well as, principles and applications of advanced molecular techniques.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, the students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Discuss concepts and terminologies of advanced molecular biology<\/li>\n<li>Recognize molecular structures and organization of human genome.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss different steps of regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes, eukaryotes<\/li>\n<li>Discuss molecular signal transduction<\/li>\n<li>Differentiate different methods of qPCR, rtPCR and DNA microarray<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the concepts of genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology<\/li>\n<li>Discuss different methods of gene testing<\/li>\n<li>Identify the principles and applications of gene therapy<\/li>\n<li>Discuss molecular basics of cancer biology<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the applications of molecular biology in forensic medicine<\/li>\n<li>Extract nucleic acids from different human samples and micro-organisms<\/li>\n<li>Apply conventional, allele specific, and real-time polymerase chain reaction and polymerase-chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in diagnostic laboratories<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">Concepts of basic molecular biology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">Human genome structure:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Complexity of human genome<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Satellites<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Transposons, SINE and LINE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">Regulation of prokaryotic gene expression:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Environmental adaptation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Activator, repressor, operator and enhancer<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Operons<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Positive and negative regulation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lac and Trp Operons<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">Regulation of eukaryotic gene expression:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Why?<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Complexity of gene expression<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Complexity of regulation process<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different levels<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">Molecular signal transduction<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Why<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different signals<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different signaling modes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Receptors (Kinases and G-protein binding)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Responses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">DNA sequencing<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Enzymatic method<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chemical method<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Applications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">Real time PCR:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Differences between conventional and qPCR<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different method of monitoring the process<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ct and melting curve<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Relative and absolute quantification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">DNA microarray:<strong>\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The concept<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different components<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Steps<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Interpretation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Applications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">Recombinant DNA technology<strong>:\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cloning vectors<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Transfection processes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ligases<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Steps<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Applications<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">Gene testing:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 When<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Target population<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types of gene testing<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Specimens&#8217; collection<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Amniocentesis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CVS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Gene therapy:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Why gene therapy<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Historical overview<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different delivery tools<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Difficulties<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Future aspects<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ethics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">Cancer biology<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The genetic elements<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The environmental elements<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different mechanisms of tumor-genesis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Genes involved<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">Molecular biology in forensic medicine:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 DNA fingerprinting<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Paternity testing<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Capillary electrophoresis and gene typing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">Bioinformatics:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition and terminologies<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Different databases<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 BLAST<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Primer designing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"133\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"483\">\u00a0Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\" width=\"628\"><strong><u>Practical: <\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Orientation<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">DNA extraction from Blood (Phenol-chloroform and Guanidine chloride methods).<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">DNA extraction from tissues.<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Bacterial DNA extraction.<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Fungal DNA extraction.<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Determination of DNA concentration and purity<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Pre- PCR Gel-electrophoresis.<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Principle of PCR and Primer design.<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Master Mix calculations, PCR optimization and run.<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Post \u2013 PCR electrophoresis and trouble shooting.<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Multiplex and RAPD PCR<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Real time and Reverse Transcriptase PCR.<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Allele specific PCR and RFLP<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">Nested PCR.<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"536\">DNA sequencing.<\/td>\n<td width=\"0\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Champe P.C., Harvey R.A., Ferrier D.R. (2005). Biochemistry. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> USA: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.<\/li>\n<li>Craig N.L., Cohen-Fix O., Green R. Greider C.W., Storz G. Wolberger C. (2010). Molecular biology: principles of genome function. Oxford: Oxford University press.<\/li>\n<li>Elliot W.H, Elliot D.C. (2006). Biochemistry and molecular biology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New York: Oxford University press.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h1><a name=\"_Toc112609500\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610294\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610851\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610957\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611514\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611879\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701000\"><\/a>SEMSTER EIGHT<\/h1>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609501\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610295\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610852\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610958\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611515\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611880\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701001\"><\/a>Course title: Advanced chemical pathology (2)<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>CLN481<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 4(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester:<\/strong> (8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers neonatal and pediatric biochemistry, obstetric and age-related biochemistry, inherited metabolic disorders, biochemical aspects of nutrition, obesity, clinical chemistry of pregnancy, vitamins, trace elements and their toxicology, tumor markers, haematological biochemistry, porphyrias, therapeutic drugs monitoring, Molecular Diagnosis of the diseases and Clinical chemistry of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Recognize inherited metabolic disorders<\/li>\n<li>Define trace elements and apply methods of trace elements measurement<\/li>\n<li>Define tumor markers and identify their uses<\/li>\n<li>Numerate vitamins and discuss their clinical significance<\/li>\n<li>Discuss aspects of clinical chemistry of pediatrics and pregnancy<\/li>\n<li>Discuss haematological aspects of clinical chemistry<\/li>\n<li>Discuss importance of drug monitoring and methods uses for this purpose<\/li>\n<li>Describe molecular methods applied for diagnosis of disorders related to chemical pathology.<\/li>\n<li>Describe chemical pathology changes related to AIDS.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Introduction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Nutritional assessments<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Clinical significance of vitamins<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Tumor markers 1-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Tumor markers-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Obesity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Clinical chemistry of pediatrics<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Clinical Chemistry of Pregnancy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Hematological aspects in clinical chemistry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Porphyrins metabolism &amp; disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Clinical chemistry of extreme age<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Molecular Diagnosis of the diseases-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Molecular Diagnosis of the diseases-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (<\/strong><strong>14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Clinical chemistry of AIDS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week <\/strong><strong>(15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"613\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"613\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Inborn error of metabolism case studies: Ammonia disorders, Glycogen storage disease and Glactosemia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Estimation of Zink and Iron<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Nutritional assessments<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Vitamins disorder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Estimation of ACP and Alpha fetoprotein<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Assessment of obesity problems.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Assessment of pediatrics abnormal parameters.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">assessment of pregnancy abnormal parameters<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Estimation of Iron binding globulin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Estimation of Porphyries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Extremes of age abnormal parameter case studies.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Aspirin estimation and its toxicity assessment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>\u00a0Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0Molecular analysis of chemical pathological conditions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (<\/strong><strong>14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">\u00a0AIDs and abnormal parameters in clinical chemistry.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week <\/strong><strong>(15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"510\">Tutorial.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Crook M.A. (2006). ZILVA clinical chemistry and metabolic medicine. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Hodder Arnold.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Bangert S.K. (2008). Clinical chemistry. 6<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Lapsley M., Day A.P., Ayling R.M. (2014). Clinical biochemistry: metabolic and clinical aspects. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609502\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610296\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610853\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610959\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611516\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611881\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701002\"><\/a>Course title: Selected topics in clinical chemistry<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: CLN482<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration<\/strong>: 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers advanced analytical techniques used in clinical chemistry, therapeutic drug monitoring, inborn errors of metabolism, metabolic syndromes, trace elements, and lipid profile and cardiovascular disorders.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By completion of this course, the student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Discuss principle, operation, and uses automated clinical analyzers, as well as electrophoresis, chromatography, and immunoassays.<\/li>\n<li>Describe methods of drug monitoring and discuss their importance and applications<\/li>\n<li>Numerate inborn errors of metabolism, their clinical consequences and methods of diagnosis<\/li>\n<li>Define metabolic syndromes and discuss their pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and laboratory diagnosis<\/li>\n<li>Numerate trace elements and discuss their clinical importance<\/li>\n<li>Discuss role of lipids in pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Course contents:<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Introduction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Automation in clinical chemistry-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Automation in clinical chemistry-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Electrophoresis-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Electrophoresis-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Chromatography-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Chromatography-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Immunoassays-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Immunoassays-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Therapy drug monitoring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Inborn errors of metabolism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Metabolic syndromes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Trace elements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Lipids and cardiovascular disorders-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Lipids and cardiovascular disorders-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong><u>Practical: <\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Orientation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Automated clinical chemistry analyzer-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Automated clinical chemistry analyzer-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Electrophoresis-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Electrophoresis-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Chromatography-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Chromatography-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Radio-immunoassay (RIA)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Case study: Drug monitoring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Case study: Inborn errors of metabolism<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Case study: Metabolic syndromes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Case study: Trace elements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"92\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"524\">Case study: Lipids and cardiovascular disorders<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Crook M.A. (2006). ZILVA clinical chemistry and metabolic medicine. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Hodder Arnold.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Bangert S.K. (2008). Clinical chemistry. 6<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Marshall W.J., Lapsley M., Day A.P., Ayling R.M. (2014). Clinical biochemistry: metabolic and clinical aspects. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609503\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610297\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610854\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610960\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611517\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611882\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701003\"><\/a>Course title: Advanced Diagnostic Microbiology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: MCR481<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>4(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration<\/strong>: 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course covers advanced diagnostic techniques in microbiology, this course gives the student information about automation in microbiology, molecular diagnostic methods used in diagnosis of microbial infections, advanced microbial typing and profile-based microbial identification systems, beside antimicrobial methods, drug resistance, and nasocomial infections.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identify of the basic concepts of microbiology automation.<\/li>\n<li>Explain standard use of laboratory equipment.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the principles of molecular diagnostic methods.<\/li>\n<li>Practice advanced methods in microbial typing.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss pathogenesis and epidemiology of nosocomial infections.<\/li>\n<li>Perform different methods of antimicrobial susceptibility testing.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (1)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Automation in microbiology laboratory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (2)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Molecular diagnostic tests in the microbiology laboratory (I)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (3)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Molecular diagnostic tests in the microbiology laboratory (2)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (4)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Advanced biochemical profile-based microbial identification systems.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (5)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (6)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Bacterial typing.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (7)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Phenotypic testing of bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (8)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Detection of specific antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Staphylococci<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (9)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Detection of specific antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Streptococci, Haemophilus Neisseria and Moraxella.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (10)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Detection of specific antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae (I)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (11)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Detection of specific antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Enterobacteriaceae (II)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (12)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Advances in the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and detection of drug resistance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (13)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Flow-cytometric assays in diagnostic microbiology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (14)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Vaccines and vaccine design<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">Week (15)<\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Transplantation techniques<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong>Practical:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (1)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Demonstration of different microbiology lab automation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (2)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Bacterial nucleic acid extraction1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (3)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Bacterial nucleic acid extraction 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (4)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">API and other automations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (5)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">PCR<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (6)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Agarose gel electrophoresis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (7)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Agar diffusion antimicrobial sensitivity test.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (8)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">E-Test susceptibility test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (9)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Dilution Methods for antimicrobial sensitivity test.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (10)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (11)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">PCR for MRSA and VRSA resistance gene.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (12)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Audiovisual demonstration (Sequencing and data analysis)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (13)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Audiovisual demonstration (Flow-cytometric assays in diagnostic microbiology)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (14)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Diagnosis of M. tuberculosis and detection of drug resistance.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\">Week (15)<\/td>\n<td width=\"519\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Cheesbrough, M. Distinct Laboratory Manual IN tropical countries. (2008). Revised 2<sup>nd <\/sup> Cambridge: Cambridge University press.<\/li>\n<li>Collee G., Marmion B. P., Fraser A. G.; Simmons A. (2007). Mackie and McCarteny Practical Medical Microbiology. 14<sup>th<\/sup> edition. New York: Elsevier science.<\/li>\n<li>Sastry A.S., Sandhya Bhat K. (2014). Review of microbiology and immunology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609504\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610298\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610855\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610961\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611518\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611883\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701004\"><\/a>Course title: Advanced medical virology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: MCR482<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration<\/strong>: 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides the student with detailed information about general properties and replication of viruses, it covers the properties, classification, pathogenesis, mode of transmission, and epidemiology of medically important viruses. It also covers laboratory diagnosis of viral infections and immunity to viral infection.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, students should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li>Identify general properties of viruses.<\/li>\n<li>Describe morphology, classification &amp; replicative cycle of viruses.<\/li>\n<li>Practice how to collect, transport and store clinical specimens, and how to recognize the infecting viruses in this specimen.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss pathogenesis, epidemiology &amp; immunity in viral infection.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize different properties, classification, mode of transmission, pathogenesis and control of medical important viruses<\/li>\n<li>Perform different methods applied in laboratory diagnosis of viral infections (tissues culture &amp; serological test).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">\n<h6>Introduction: General properties structure and classification of viruses.<\/h6>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Pathogenesis of medical viruses and viral replication.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">\u00a0Laboratory diagnosis strategies of viral infection: Collection, transport, and storage of viral specimens.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Cell culture techniques<strong>: <\/strong>Types, components, preparation, inoculation and examination<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Viral serological tests: ELISA, EIA and Fluorescent techniques.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Viral serological tests: CFT, Neutralization test and Hemagglutination inhibition test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Arthropod-borne virus: Yellow fever and Dengue fever viruses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Influenza viruses and SARS.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Paramyxoviruses: Rubella, Measles and Mumps viruses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Enteroviruses: Polioviruses and Rotaviruses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Rabies virus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Hepatitis viruses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">HIV virus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Reoviruses and Coronaviruses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Herpes simplex viruses, Cytomegaloviruses and EBV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"591\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"591\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Audio-visual demonstration- structures of viruses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Tutorial: Early history of medical viruses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Audio-visual demonstration- viral replication and pathogenesis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Collection, transport and storage of viral specimens<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Equipments for tissue culture techniques<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Preparation of cells lines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Propagation of cells lines<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Viral identification- detection by CPE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Operation and types of solid phase<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">EIA: coating of Ags or Abs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Detection of infected cells by IFA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">\u00a0Hemagglutination serological tests<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of dengue fever rubella and poliomyelitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Serological diagnosis of viral hepatitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Laboratory diagnosis of HIV<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dimmock N.J., Easton A.J., Leppard K.N. (2001). Introduction to modern virology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> London: Blackwell science.<\/li>\n<li>Shorts T. (2013). Understanding viruses. 2nd edition. Burlington: Jones and Bartlett learning.<\/li>\n<li>Wanger E.K. Hewlett M.J. (1999). Basic virology. 1<sup>st<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell publishing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609505\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610299\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610856\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610962\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611519\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611884\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701005\"><\/a>Course title: Diagnostic parasitology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: PARA481<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 2(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides the student with comprehensive information about laboratory diagnosis of human parasitic diseases.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Demonstrate adequate knowledge about principles and techniques of the parasitological methods that are applied in the diagnosis of different parasitic infections.<\/li>\n<li>Practice parasitological and relevant techniques that are applied in the diagnosis of parasitic infections.<\/li>\n<li>Demonstrate adequate knowledge about the principals and to practice parasitological techniques that are applied in the diagnosis of Malaria, Leishmaniasis, Trypanosomiasis, and toxoplasmosis.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principals and to practice the parasitological techniques applied in the diagnosis of intestinal protozoa infections, intestinal worms and blood and tissue worms.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and Assignments<\/li>\n<li>Seminars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Quality control in parasitology laboratory<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of malaria \u2013 I<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Malaria \u2013II<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Leishmaniasis<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of coccidian parasites<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Entamoebaspp<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of intestinal flagellates<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of intestinal Nematodes<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of tissue Nematodes-I: Filariasis<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of tissue Nematodes \u2013II : Onchocerciasis and Guinea worm<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Cestodes-I: Taenia spp<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Cestodes- II: Hydatid disease<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of intestinal fluke<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Laboratory diagnosis of Schistosomiasis<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>\u00a0Week (15\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Practical<\/u><\/strong><strong><u>:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Orientation<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">P. falciparum and P. vivax diagnosis: Detection, identification, and parasite load<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">P. ovalae and P. malariae: Detection, identification, and parasite load<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Diagnosis of Leishmania<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Diagnosis of coccidian diarrhea<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Diagnosis of intestinal protozoa-I<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Diagnosis of intestinal protozoa II<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Diagnosis of intestinal worms<\/p>\n<p>Cultural methods and other special techniques<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Diagnosis of filarial worms I<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Diagnosis of filarial worms II<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Diagnosis Taenia spp and hydatid cyst<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Intestinal and liver flukes<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Diagnosis of Schistomiasis-1<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"504\">Diagnosis of Schistomiasis-2<\/td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Gracia L.S. (2007). Diagnostic medical parasitology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Washington: ASM Press.<\/li>\n<li>Gracia L.S. (2009). Practical guide to diagnostic parasitology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Washington: ASM Press.<\/li>\n<li>Zeibig E. (2013). Clinical Parasitology. 2<sup>nd <\/sup> Canada: Elsevier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609506\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610300\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610857\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610963\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611520\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611885\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701006\"><\/a>Course title: Immuno- and molecular parasitology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: PARA482<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course provides the students with intensive information about the immunological events during parasitic invasion and principles and applications of immunological and molecular biology techniques applied for diagnosis of parasitic diseases.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Demonstrate adequate knowledge about the pathogenicity, pathological bases of parasitic infections<\/li>\n<li>Practice and demonstrate basic and advanced parasitological techniques<\/li>\n<li>Applied in the diagnosis of parasitic infections, including in vitro and in vivo cultivation of parasites.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the epidemiology of important parasites in Sudan.<\/li>\n<li>Describe immune response to parasitic infections, and the bases of implementation of immunological methods in the diagnosis of parasitic infections.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the molecular biology of parasites and uses of molecular biology techniques in diagnosis of parasitic infections.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Oral examination: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents<\/u><\/strong><strong><u>:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"632\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (1 ) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Malaria I: pathology and pathogenicity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (2) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Malaria II: Epidemiology and chemotherapy.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (3) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Visceral Leishmaniasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (4) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Trypanosomiasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (5) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Toxoplasmosis<\/p>\n<p>Coccidian diarrhea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (6) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Schistosomiasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (7) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Intestinal worms<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (8) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Onchocerciasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Immunological events during parasitic invasion<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (10) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Principles of immunological techniques<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (11) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Immunity to malaria<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (12) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Immunity to Leishmania &#8211; Immunity to Trypanosoma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (13) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Immunity to intestinal parasites<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (14) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Introduction to molecular Biology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"97\"><strong>Week (15) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"535\">Bases of molecular biology techniques in the diagnosis of parasitic infections<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"649\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Parasitological and other relevant findings in malaria-I<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Parasitological and other relevant findings in malaria-II<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Histlogical and cytological findings in Leishmaniasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Diagnosis of Trypanosomiasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis and coccidian diarrhea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Histological other findings in Schistosomiasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Parasitological and other relevant findings in Intestinal worms&#8217; infection<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Diagnosis of Onchocerciasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Instrumentation in immunology and molecular biology laboratory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Immunological techniques<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Immuno- diagnosis of malaria<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Immuno- diagnosis of Leishmaniasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Immuno- diagnosis of intestinal parasites<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Molecular biology techniques (DNA extraction, PCR)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"558\">Molecular biology techniques (RFLP, DNA sequencing<strong><u>)<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Gracia L.S. (2007). Diagnostic medical parasitology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Washington: ASM Press.<\/li>\n<li>Gracia L.S. (2009). Practical guide to diagnostic parasitology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Washington: ASM Press.<\/li>\n<li>Zeibig E. (2013). Clinical Parasitology. 2<sup>nd <\/sup> Canada: Elsevier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609507\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610301\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610858\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610964\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611521\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611886\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701007\"><\/a>Course title: White blood cell disorders<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>HEM481<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 4(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the definition, classification, aetiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, and laboratory diagnosis of benign and malignant white blood cell disorders, including leucocytosis, leucopenia, functional and morphological disorders, leukaemia, and lymphoma.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Describe the characteristics of normal white blood cells in normal circulating blood and bone marrow.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the functions of white blood cells and the maturity differentiation.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the abnormalities of white blood cells morphology and function.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the etiology, morphology of cells, related symptoms, and laboratory findings of the different benign quantitative and qualitative leukocyte disorders.<\/li>\n<li>Perform the differential leukocyte count and calculate absolute count of white blood cells by using manual procedures.<\/li>\n<li>Correct total white blood cell count when nucleated red blood cells are present.<\/li>\n<li>Identify normal and abnormal white blood cells and white blood cell precursors in peripheral blood picture.<\/li>\n<li>Describe and identify different leukopoietic stages.<\/li>\n<li>Define leukaemia and discuss its classification, pathophysiology, clinical features and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the morphological features of different acute and chronic leukaemias.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss French-American- British (FAB) and World Health organization (WHO) classification of acute leukaemias<\/li>\n<li>Understand the principle of\/ and perform different cytochemical stain for differential diagnosis of acute leukaemias.<\/li>\n<li>Define immunophenotyping and discuss its role in diagnosis of haematological malignancies.<\/li>\n<li>Define chronic myelocytic leukaemia and describe its classification, pathophysiology, clinical features and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Identify Philadelphia chromosome and BCR-APL fusion gene and describe the methods applied for their detection.<\/li>\n<li>Define chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and describe its classification, pathophysiology, clinical features and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Numerate different T-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia variants and describe their morphological features.<\/li>\n<li>Define myelofibrosis and describe its pathophysiology, clinical features and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Define myelodysplastic syndrome and describe its classification, pathophysiology, clinical features and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Define lymphoma and describe its classification, pathophysiology, clinical features and laboratory diagnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principle of flowcytometry and their applications in haematology<\/li>\n<li>Numerate cytogenetic abnormalities associated with different types of haematological abnormalities and describe their association with the disease prognosis and their roles in diagnosis of different haematological malignancies.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (1) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Introduction:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Leucopoiesis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Leucocyte function and kinetic<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Normal morphology of leucocytes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (2) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Benign quantitative leucocyte disorders:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Leukocytosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Leucopenia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (3) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Benign qualitative leucocyte disorders:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hereditary abnormalities of leucocyte function and morphology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Acquired abnormalities of leucocyte function<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (4) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Introduction to leukaemia:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Leukemogenesis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (5) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (6) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (7) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML): Philadelphia positive CML<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Association with ph chromosome<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical feature<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical course<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (8) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Chronic myeloid leukaemias:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Philadelphia negative CML<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Juvenile CML<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Other variants<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical feature<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Staging<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (10) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>B-CLL variants:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-prolymphocytic leukaemia (B-PLL)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Plasma cell leukaemia (PCL)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (11) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>T-CLL variants:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T-prolymphocyticleukaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Large granular lymphocytic leukaemia (LGL)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sezary syndrome<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Adult T-cell leukaemia lymphoma (ATLL)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (12) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Multiple myeloma and related disorders <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Paraproteinaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Multiple myeloma<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinaemia<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Heavy chain disease<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (13) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (14) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Myelofibrosis:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"103\"><strong>Week (15) <\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"513\"><strong>Lymphoma:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Complications<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (1):<\/strong> Differential white blood cell count (normal sample)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (2):<\/strong> Calculation of absolute leucocyte counts<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (3):<\/strong> Correction of total white blood cell count<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (4):<\/strong> Identification of immature leucocytes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (5):<\/strong> Morphological abnormalities of leucocytes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (6):<\/strong> Morphological features of acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (7):<\/strong> Morphological features of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (8):<\/strong> Cytochemical stain: SBB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (9):<\/strong> Cytochemical stain: PAS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (10):<\/strong> Morphological features of chronic myeloid leukaemia \u201cchronic phase\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (11):<\/strong> Morphological features of chronic myeloid leukaemia \u201caccelerated and acute phase\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (12):<\/strong> Morphological features of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia \u201cclassic CLL\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (13):<\/strong> Morphological features of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia variants<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (14):<\/strong> Morphological features of Myelofibrosis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"616\"><strong>Week (15):<\/strong> Morphological features of myelodysplastic syndrome<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Bain B.J. (2003). Leukaemia diagnosis. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell publishing Ltd<\/li>\n<li>Bain B.J., Bates I., Laffan M.A. (2016). Dacie and Lewis practical Haematology, 12<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Hoffbrand A.V., Moss P.H.A., Pettit J.E. (2006). Essential Haematology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell publishing Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Steine-Martin E.A., Lotspeich-Steininger C.A., Koepke J.A. (1998). Clinical Haematology: principles, procedures, correlation. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven publishers.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609508\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610302\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610859\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610965\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611522\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611887\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701008\"><\/a>Course title: Haemostatic disorders<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code<\/strong>: HAEM482<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the normal haemostatic mechanisms, haemostatic disorders, and laboratory investigations used for diagnosis of haemostatic disorders.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course <\/strong>o<strong>bjectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Define haemostasis and describe their functions and components.<\/li>\n<li>Describe megakaryocytic development &amp; define the term endoreduplication.<\/li>\n<li>Numerate the functions of thrombopoietin.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the process of platelet formation from a megakaryocyte.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the ultra-structural components and cytoplasmic constituents of a mature platelet &amp; describe the overall function of each.<\/li>\n<li>Describe blood vessel structure and discuss their roles in normal haemostasis.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the life span activities of a mature platelet and function of platelets in response to vascular damage.<\/li>\n<li>Numerate the substances that promote &amp; the substances that inhibit some aspect of platelet aggregation.<\/li>\n<li>Briefly describe the process of platelet plug consolidation &amp; stabilization.<\/li>\n<li>Identify the coagulation factors nomenclature and list the principal coagulation factors.<\/li>\n<li>Name the three groups of coagulation factors and describe their similarities.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the individual functional characteristics of each of the coagulation factors.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the sequence of events in the extrinsic, intrinsic and common coagulation pathways.<\/li>\n<li>Numerate the naturally occurring inhibitors of coagulation and describe their roles in regulation of blood coagulation.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the components of the fibrinolytic system,<\/li>\n<li>Numerate plasminogen activators and inhibitors and describe their actions<\/li>\n<li>Define the term purpura &amp; describe various vascular conditions that can produce this condition.<\/li>\n<li>Name and compare types of disorders in which abnormal platelet morphology can be observed.<\/li>\n<li>Mention symptoms of thrombocytopenia and list the major mechanisms that produce thrombocytopenia.<\/li>\n<li>Summarize the major characteristics of each of the three of thrombocytopenic categories, including examples of disorders within each of the categories or subcategories.<\/li>\n<li>List the characteristics of the two categories of thrombocytosis, including examples of disorders within each category.<\/li>\n<li>Comparing the main categories of platelets dysfunction, including examples of disorders within each category.<\/li>\n<li>Define disseminated intravascular coagulation and the list triggering events that may predispose patients to disseminated intravascular coagulation.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the pathophysiology and clinical features of disseminated intravascular coagulation<\/li>\n<li>Name and describe the factors that contribute to the pathological inhibition of coagulation.<\/li>\n<li>Define the term hypercoagulability.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the hereditary and acquired causes of hypercoagulability.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the activity of blood coagulation factors in increasing the tendency toward thrombosis.<\/li>\n<li>Prepare platelet poor- and platelet rich-plasma<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principles of\/ and perform laboratory tests used for diagnosis of haemostatic disorders by manual and automated methods.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principles of coagulometry<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities: 20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Introduction to haemostasis:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Components<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Functions<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Primary and secondary haemostasis<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Normal haemostatic mechanism- Role of blood vessels:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types of blood vessel<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Structure of blood vessels<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Role of blood vessel in normal haemostasis<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Normal haemostatic mechanism- platelets:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Platelet production<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Platelet structure<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Role of platelets in normal haemostasis<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Normal haemostatic mechanism- coagulation system:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Coagulation factors<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Coagulation cascade<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Regulation of coagulation<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Normal haemostatic mechanism- fibrinolytic system:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Plasminogen<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Plasminogen activators<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fibrinolysis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fibrinogen\/fibrin degradation products (FDPs)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Regulation of fibrinolytic system<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Screening of haemostatic abnormalities:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bleeding time (BT)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clotting time<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clot retraction<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">First-line investigations of coagulation:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prothrombin time (PT)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 International normalized ratio (INR)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thrombin time (TT)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fibrinogen estimation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Interpretation of first-line investigation results<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Second-line investigations of coagulations:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Correction of prolonged APTT<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Correction of prolonged PT and APTT<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Correction of prolonged TT<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Quantitative platelet disorders:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thrombocytosis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thrombocytopenia<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Qualitative platelet disorders:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Congenital disorders of platelet function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Acquired disorders of platelet function<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Hemophilia:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hemophilia A<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hemophilia B<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hemophilia C<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Von- Willebrand disease:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inheritance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Classification<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory findings<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Hypercoagulability:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC):<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Definition<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Causes<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pathophysiology and clinical features<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory diagnosis<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"466\">Coagulometry:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Principles<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Advances<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Advantages<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Disadvantages<\/td>\n<td width=\"113\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"582\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"582\"><strong><u>Practical<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Introduction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Preparation of platelet poor plasma and platelet rich plasma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Platelet count: different methods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Platelet aggregation test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Euglobulin lysis time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Bleeding time<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Clotting time and clot retraction test<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Prothrombin time (PT)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Activation partial thromboplastin time (APTT)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Thrombin time (TT)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Fibrinogen assay: Clause method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Correction test with normal plasma (inhibitor screening)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Correction of prolonged PT and APTT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Correction of prolonged TT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"96\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"486\">Quality assurance in practical\u00a0 haemostasis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>References <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Bain B.J., Bates I., Laffan M.A. (2016). Dacie and Lewis practical Haematology, 12<sup>th<\/sup> Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/li>\n<li>Hoffbrand A.V., Moss P.H.A., Pettit J.E. (2006). Essential Haematology. 5<sup>th<\/sup> Massachusetts: Blackwell publishing Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Steine-Martin E.A., Lotspeich-Steininger C.A., Koepke J.A. (1998). Clinical Haematology: principles, procedures, correlation. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven publishers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609509\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610303\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610860\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610966\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611523\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611888\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701009\"><\/a>Course title: Cytogenetics and Tumor Pathology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>HST481<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 4(2+2)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<table width=\"665\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"665\"><strong>Course description<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>This course deals with the study of chromosomes and the cytogenetic explanation of different genetic diseases. It also involves descriptions of primary organs and grading of tumors within the CNS, genitourinary, GI, reproductive, respiratory, endocrine, skin, muscular and skeletal regions are presented detailing the pathological aspect of the cells and tissues. Tumor pathology including epidemiology, etiology, signs\/symptoms, cell types, predisposing factors and metastatic pathways of specific sites.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, medical laboratory students should be able to:<\/p>\n<p>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Discuss the principles, uses, and techniques of cytogenetics.<\/p>\n<p>2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Perform the techniques used in cytogenetic laboratory.<\/p>\n<p>3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Discuss the tumor pathogenesis<\/p>\n<p>4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Explain the organization and complexity of human genome at the Cytogenetic Level<\/p>\n<p>5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Explain the nature of chromosomal abnormalities in clinical syndromes associated with cytogenetic disorders<\/p>\n<p>6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Explain the nature of chromosomal abnormalities in the disorders of sexual differentiation<\/p>\n<p>7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evaluate appropriately the family pedigree and the population and ethnic aspects of inherited disorders<\/p>\n<p>8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Define the principles, procedures, and precautions of advanced Clinical genetics techniques.<\/p>\n<p>9.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Perform tissue culture and chromosomal analysis.<\/p>\n<p>10.\u00a0\u00a0 Define the nomenclature of tumors, etiology ,clinical affect, staging and lab diagnosis of tumor with focusing on certain types<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lectures<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Practical<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tutorials and seminars<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Assignments<\/p>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Theory examination: 40%<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Practical examination: 40%<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Oral examination: 20%<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Introduction to human cytogenetic and ethical consideration in human cytogenetic practices.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">The structure and function of the human chromosomes, and dry lab 1 (culture media, buffers, solution, and stains).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Dry lab 2 (Tissue culture and chromosome preparation), and Culturing peripheral blood and bone marrow.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Culturing human tissue, and solid tumors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Constitutional chromosomal changes, and chromosome aberrations in hematological malignancy (Leukemia).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Chromosome aberrations in hematological malignancy (Lymphoma), and the cytogenetic of bone and soft tissue tumors.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">The cytogenetic of solid tumors, and human chromosome nomenclature (ISCN).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technique, and bioinformatics from a cytogenetic perspective.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">\u00a0Introduction to Neoplasia, and tumour nomenclature.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Cell Biology of tumors, and tumor Etiology.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Oncogenesis, staging and grading of cancer.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Clinical Effects of tumors and laboratory Diagnosis of Tumors.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Breast Masses, and tumors of female Genitalia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"549\">Tumors of Testis, Prostate, GIT Tumors, and urothelial Tumors.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"650\"><strong><u>Practical-2:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Orientation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Cutting of chromosomes: Normal and abnormal karyotypes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Cutting of chromosomes: Abnormal karyotypes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Preparation of media, buffers, and solutions for peripheral blood culture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Blood culture.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Harvesting of blood culture and slide preparation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Slide staining and chromosomal analysis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Slide analysis using Cytovision station.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Bone marrow culture<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Harvesting of bone marrow culture and slide preparation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Slide staining and chromosomal analysis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Culturing of solid tumor.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Harvesting of the solid tumor culture and slide preparation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Slide preparation for FISH analysis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Analysis of FISH slide using fluorescent microscopy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Overview of normal histology: GIT.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Overview of normal histology: respiratory and urinary system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Overview of normal histology: skin and lymphoid system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Overview of normal histology: reproductive system (male and female).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Cytological appearance of benign cell of epithelial origin (gynecological cytology) and hormonal influence<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Cytological appearance of benign cell of non-epithelial origin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Inflammation in gynecological cytology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Pre-malignancy and malignancy in gynecological cytology<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Non gynecological cytology (respiratory, urinary, and GIT)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">laboratory investigations of genetic disorders and the lymphoreticular system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Breast tumors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Gastrointestinal tumors, urothelial and prostate tumors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">liver, biliary tract and pancreas tumours<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"102\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"548\">Female reproductive system (ovarian and fallopian tube tumors) and male reproductive system tumours<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Garg R.G., Gupta S. (2011). Review of pathology and genetics. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> edition. New Delh: Jypee brothers medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kierszenbaum A.L. (2007). Histology and cell biology: an introduction to pathology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier limited.<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ram M. (2010). Fundamentals of cytogenetics and genetics. 1<sup>st<\/sup> edition. Eastern economy edition. New Delhi: PHI learning private limited.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609510\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610304\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610861\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610967\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611524\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611889\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701010\"><\/a>Course title: Enzyme and immunohistochemistry<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>HST482<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course provides the students with basic and routine staining techniques for demonstrating different microorganisms in tissue, and introduces the various techniques that are used in the preparation and evaluation of immunohistochemistry (IHC) slides (Procedures and terminology related to IHC are also discussed and strategies for troubleshooting problems are presented). This popular course covers basic enzyme and immunohistochemistry theory and practice. Learn the key elements to consider when utilizing endogenous enzyme blocks, protein blocks and biotin blocks. Discover tips for reducing background staining.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Define the enzyme histochemistry techniques, classification of enzymes, enzymes nomenclature, and preparation of tissues for enzymes demonstration<\/li>\n<li>Describe the types of enzymehistochemical reactions.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the preparation of tissues for enzymes demonstration and types of enzymes histochemical techniques.<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the diagnostic applications of enzyme histochemistry<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the methods of antigen retrieval, detection of low-level antigen, blocking of background staining and endogenous enzymes, and controls in immunohistochemical staining<\/li>\n<li>Gain all practical aspects of immunohistochemical techniques, and interpretation of immunohistochemical and the applications of tumour markers.<\/li>\n<li>Gain all practical aspects of enzyme and immunohistochemical techniques, and interpretation of immunohistochemical results.<\/li>\n<li>Understand the principle of immunocytochemistry and the different staining methods used in immunocytochemistry.<\/li>\n<li>Define in-situ hybridization principle, and overview of in-situ hybridization.<\/li>\n<li>Gain all practical aspects of enzymes and immunofluorescent techniques, and in situ hybridization.<\/li>\n<li>Define tumor markers, and their diagnostic applications in diagnosis of tumors, and the application of tumor markers in pathology.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Practical<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and Seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities:20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Introduction to enzyme histochemistry techniques, classification of enzymes and enzymes nomenclature, and preparation of tissues for enzymes demonstration (fixation and preservation of tissues and smears for enzymes demonstration).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Types of enzyme histochemical reactions (simultaneous capture, post incubation coupling, self-colored substrate and intra-molecular rearrangement), and the use of control.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Demonstration of phosphatases enzymes (metal precipitation and Azo dyes methods), esterases, and oxidases enzymes (naphthyl acetate methods and indoxyl acetate methods), and the diagnostic applications of enzyme histochemistry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Introduction to the immunohistochemistry, definition of antigen, antibodies, and antigen-antibody binding, Production and labeling of antibodies (polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies and labels)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Staining techniques of immunohistochemistry (direct, indirect method and enhanced polymer one step staining technique), Peroxidase anti-peroxidase technique<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Staining techniques of immunohistochemistry (immunogold silver, avidin-biotin, hapten labeling and mirror image method).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Controls in immunohistochemical staining (positive control, negative control and absorption control) and preservation of tissues for immunological staining (chemical fixation and physical fixation)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Immunohistochemistry antigen retrieval techniques (proteolytic enzymes method, microwave method and pressure cooker method)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Detection of low-level antigens, and preservation of tissue for immunostaining<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Blocking of background staining and endogenous enzymes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Tumor markers (intermediate filaments and epithelial related markers\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (vimentin, desmin, neurofilament, and glial fibrillary acid protein and epithelial tissue related markers)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Tumour markers keratin positive tumour and vimentin positive (keratin negative tumour) and tumor markers for lymphomas (clustered antibodies) and germ cell tumor markers(placental alkaline phosphatase, alpha fetoprotein, human placental lactogen, and HCG)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Mesenchymal tissue markers(smooth muscle actin, s100 protein, and melanoma specific antigen)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"115\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"501\">Application of tumour markers in pathology (breast and lymphoma).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"616\"><strong><u>Practical:<\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Preparation of solutions and reagents for enzyme histochemistry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">demonstration of Hydrolytic enzymes(phosphatase)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Demonstration of oxidase ad dehydrogenase enzymes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Solutions and reagents preparation of immunohistochemistry<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">\u00a0Antigen retrieval by using heating methods (Water bath)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Antigen retrieval by using heating methods (Steamer)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Antigen retrieval by using heating methods (Autoclave)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Application of enzymatic method for antigen retrieval (Proteinase K)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Immunohistochemistry stain by ABC method<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Immunostaining by Polymer base methods<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Troubleshooting in immunohistochemistry: demonstration of slides<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Differentiation between immunostains expression; cytoplasmic, nuclear or membranous<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Interpretation of immunostains<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Epithelial tissue markers and cytokeratin, estrogen receptors<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"91\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"525\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Buchwalow I.B. Bocker W. (2010). Immunohistochemistry: basics and methods. 2010<sup>th<\/sup> London: Springer<\/li>\n<li>Prasad S.R. (2011). Practical histology for medical students. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li><a name=\"_Toc112609511\"><\/a> Ramos-Vara, JA 2005. &#8220;Technical Aspects of Immunohistochemistry&#8221;.<em>Vet Pathol 2005; <\/em>42(4): 405\u2013426.<\/li>\n<li>Suvarna K., Layton C., Bancrofti J.D. (2012). Bancrofti\u2019s Theory and practice of histological techniques. 7<sup>th<\/sup> London: Churchill Livingstone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609512\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610305\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610862\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610968\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611525\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611890\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701011\"><\/a>Course title: Advanced diagnostic Immunology<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>IMN484<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours:<\/strong> 3(2+1)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended semester: <\/strong>(8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration:<\/strong> 15 weeks<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T his course covers advanced immunological techniques applied for diagnosis of immuno-logical and non-immunological diseases<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Course objectives: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>By the end of this course, student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Describe and explain, as well as, practice advanced immunological techniques.<\/li>\n<li>Describe the methods of monoclonal antibody production<\/li>\n<li>Define flowcytometry and discuss its principle<\/li>\n<li>Define western blot and describe the procedure<\/li>\n<li>Discuss vaccine production technologies<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the principle and apply the procedures of RIA, ELISA, and IF.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize the applications of molecular biology in immunology<\/li>\n<li>Discuss histocompatibility and perform tissue typing techniques<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Audio-visual presentations<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Practical examination: 40%<\/li>\n<li>Activities:20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>Course description:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"616\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Overview of the Immune System 1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Over view of the Immune System 2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Immune response (Specific).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Toll like receptors.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Molecular Immunology (RT.PCR).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">ELISA, RIA, and IF.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Immunoglobulins and (VDJ Recombination).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Production of monoclonal Antibody.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Flowcytometry and FACS.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Magnetic associated cell sorting (MACS) technology.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Western blot.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">Animal models and (Knockout mice).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">\u00a0Vaccine production technology.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">HLA and tissue typing 1(Basic).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"507\">HLA and tissue typing (Advanced).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table width=\"637\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"637\"><strong><u>Practical: <\/u><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Orientation<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Quantitative ELISA: Sandwich ELISA<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week\u00a0\u00a0 (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Quantitative ELISA: Indirect ELISA<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Quantitative ELISA: Competitive ELISA<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Qualitative ELISA<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Cell separation<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Immuno fluorescence assay (IFA)<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Detection of auto-antibodies<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Flowcytometry-1<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Flowcytometry-2<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Flowcytometry-3<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Tissue typing-1<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Tissue typing-2<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Preparation of antisera<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"529\">Tutorial<\/td>\n<td width=\"108\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Abbas A.K., Lichtman A.H. (2006-2007). Basic immunology: functions and disorders of the immune system. updated edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier<\/li>\n<li>Mohanty S.K., Leela K.S. (2014). Textbook of immunology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publisher (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Rich R.R. (2001). Clinical immunology. 2<sup>nd<\/sup> London: Mosby international Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Sastry A.S., Sandhya Bhat K. (2014). Review of microbiology and immunology. 3<sup>rd<\/sup> New Delhi: Jypee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><a name=\"_Toc112609513\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610306\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610863\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610969\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611526\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112611891\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc114701012\"><\/a>Corse title: Professionalism and Ethics<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Course code: <\/strong>PET485<\/p>\n<p><strong>Credit hours: <\/strong>2(2+0)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intended Semester: (<\/strong>8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course duration: <\/strong>15 Weeks.<\/p>\n<p><strong>General description:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This course covers the different health services in Sudan, including levels, programs, primary health care system and principles of health services administration.\u00a0 Also this course covers the quality assurance, the records and the communication skills in the health services including health education,\u00a0 and ethical issues in laboratory practice.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Course objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc112609514\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610307\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610864\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc112610970\"><\/a>By the end of this course, student should be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Primary Health Care.<\/li>\n<li>Health for all, services<\/li>\n<li>Community Describe different health services in Sudan<\/li>\n<li>Identify levels of health services<\/li>\n<li>Discuss principles of health services administration<\/li>\n<li>Discuss the various issues of laboratory practice and ethics.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instruction methods:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lectures<\/li>\n<li>Tutorials and seminars<\/li>\n<li>Assignments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Evaluation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Theory examination: 80%<\/li>\n<li>Activities:20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Course contents:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Management in Health:<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Concepts<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Definitions<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Principles of health management<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Health team:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Organization<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Control and assessment of work.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (4)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Ethical issues involved in health services and laboratory practice:<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Involvement in Primary Health Care.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (5)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Relation between medical laboratory personnel and other health professions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (6)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Relation between medical laboratory personnel and patients<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (7)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Quality assurance in health care services:<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Meaning<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Tools and advantages of quality assurance in health care services.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (8)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Record in health services:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Importance<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Methods<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Uses<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Assessment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (9)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Communication skills in management<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Information system.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Quality of communication<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Types of effective communication<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (10)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Health education.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Concepts<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Methods<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Target population<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Objectives<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (11)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Health Education<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Environmental.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Epidemiological surveys.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a7\u00a0 Importance and methods, uses, validity.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (12)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Visits to the health facilities.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (13)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Medical research ethic-1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (14)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Medical research ethics-2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"121\"><strong>Week (15)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"495\">Medical research ethics-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Beauchamp Tb Childeress J.F. (2013). Principles of Biomedical Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press.<\/li>\n<li>Forrestal E.J., Cellucci L.W. (2015). Ethics and professionalism for healthcare managers. 1<sup>st<\/sup> edition. Health administration Jr.<\/li>\n<li>Makely S. (2016). Professionalism in Health care: a primer for career sucessbb. 5<sup>th<\/sup> edition. Pearson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction: Program of medical laboratory sciences is intended to graduate qualified medical laboratory professionals. It&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4418,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-551","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-programs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/551","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=551"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/551\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5968,"href":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/551\/revisions\/5968"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=551"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=551"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zamzam.edu.sd\/2026\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=551"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}